COST BITES 414 : A WITHDRAWN PART 36 OFFER STILL HAD AN IMPACT ON THE AWARD OF COSTS: CLAIMANTS COULD NOT RECOVER COSTS AFTER DATE OF OFFER
In this case the judge considered the question of whether a Part 36 offer that was withdrawn after trial should have any impact on the award of costs. The judge held that it should. If the claimants had accepted they…
CIVIL PROCEDURE, OPAQUE EVIDENCE AND “YOU SHOULD HAVE KNOWN”: ARGUMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN REJECTED BY THE COURTS – TWO EXAMPLES AND THE UNHAPPY CONSEQUENCES FOR THE LITIGANTS…
We are looking at an argument deployed in a case we considered earlier today. It was an argument that the defendants should have been able to “divine” from the oblique nature of the claimant’s evidence that funding was not in…
WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: WHEN DOES A WITNESS BECOMES A “HOSTILE WITNESS”? WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES?
Earlier this week we looked at a case where a judge allowed the claimants’ application for an order that one of the witnesses they had called be declared a “hostile witness”. This meant that the claimants could then cross-examine their…
CAN THE WORDING OF A COVERING LETTER ENCLOSING TERMS OF BUSINESS FROM A SOLICITOR TO A CLIENT GIVE RISE TO AN ESTOPPEL SO AS TO PREVENT RELIANCE ON THOSE TERMS?
Here we look at a case where a solicitor’s (former) client argued that the wording of a covering letter enclosing the firm’s terms and conditions meant that they were estopped from relying on those terms. It is an interesting example…
WAS A SOLICITOR’S CAP ON LIABILITY FOR NEGLIGENCE TO £3 MILLION “REASONABLE”: COULD IT SURVIVE THE UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS ACT REQUIREMENTS?
One of the issues in this case related to whether a solicitor’s contractual cap of £3 million was reasonable. The solicitor’s terms of business limited liability to £3 million. Could that cap, on the facts of this case, survive the…
WHY PRINCE HARRY (AND OTHER PROMINENT CLAIMANTS) LOST WHEN THE JUDGE FOUND THAT THEY WERE ALL HONEST WITNESSES – BUT OTHER WITNESSES THEY CALLED PROVED TO BE “HOSTILE”
We are looking at a judgment that has already received major attention from the media. A number of prominent people brought a civil action against Associated Newspapers. The judge found that they were all honest witnesses. However honesty did not…
HALLUCINATED CASE LAW AND THE CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE (OF ALL BODIES…)
All cases of hallucinated cases are serious, however some may be more serious than others. If we have a situation where the Crown Prosecution Service files documents which rely on cases that simply do not exist, this has to be…
THROWBACK FRIDAY: THE DEFENDANT IS NOT THE CLAIMANT’S KEEPER: ANOTHER CASE WHERE (MIS) SERVICE OF THE CLAIM FORM LED TO GRIEF
We are going back to July 2018 where the High Court overturned a first instance decision in favour of a claimant on a service of the claim form issue. The judgment is particularly important because the first-instance judgment appeared to…
THE TCC GUIDANCE ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A DETAILED EXAMINATION
The section on the use of AI in the latest edition of The Technology and Construction Court Guide is relatively short. However it is significant. It shows that the courts recognise that AI is going to be used. “All legal…
NEW (4th) EDITION OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTION COURT GUIDE 2026: A QUICK GUIDE TO THE CHANGES AND THE NEW PARTS
The Fourth Edition of the Technology and Construction Court Guide came into force on 1 July 2026. It is much more than a routine update. Whilst much of the familiar structure remains, there are significant additions reflecting changes in legislation,…
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CORONER’S COURT FOR PERSONAL INJURY AND CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE LAWYERS 2026: WEBINAR 17th JULY 2026
For many personal injury and clinical negligence practitioners, the Coroners’ Court is unfamiliar territory. Yet an inquest can be one of the most important stages in a fatal accident claim. Knowing what the Coroner can (and cannot) do, understanding the…
EXPERT WATCH 57: JUDGE DECIDES THAT AN EXPERT, THAT HAS NOT COMPLIED WITH THEIR DUTIES TO THE COURT, SHOULD BE NAMED; “HE HAD A CHOICE TO INVOLVE HIMSELF IN THESE PROCEEDINGS AND TO BE PAID FOR DOING SO…”
Here we are looking at a decision related to the case we looked at yesterday relating to a medical expert in a family case. The judge gave a decision on whether an expert, who she found had failed in their…
PERSONAL INJURY MATTERS 17(2): LIABILITY CATCHUP (2): A SUCCESSFUL STRESS AT WORK CLAIM CONSIDERED
We are continuing with our brief look at cases relating to liability. This case is a stress at work action where the claimant was successful. There are a considerable number of hurdles for claimants to deal with in this category…
WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: WHEN A LITIGATOR MAKES A STATEMENT ON BEHALF OF THEIR CLIENT: A USEFUL CHECKLIST ON THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND BELIEF
We have looked several times recently at the problems caused when a litigator serves their own witness evidence on behalf of a client, particularly a “corporate” client. It often turns out that large parts of this statement are inadmissible, consisting…
EXPERT WATCH 56: A SECTION OF A JUDGMENT THAT SPECIFICALLY CRITICISES A MEDICAL EXPERT: “I WAS STRUCK BY THE ABSENCE OF A RIGOROUS AND CAREFUL MULTIDISCPLINARY APPROACH TO THIS ISSUES IN THIS CASE”
One of the fascinating things about procedure is how the same principles apply across a whole range of cases. This is particularly the case with issues relating to evidence, particularly expert evidence. Earlier we looked at expert evidence in relation…
EXPERT WATCH 55: WAS THIS WAR? (OR CAUSED BY WAR): TRIAL JUDGE CONSIDERS THE EVIDENCE OF TWO EXPERTS ON GEOPOLITICS, BUT FINDS ONE IS PARTISAN
It is never helpful to a party’s case when a judge comes to the conclusion that the expert they have instructed is partisan. We have an example of this in this extremely high value case. There is interesting commentary on…
PERSONAL INJURY MATTERS 17 (1): LIABILITY CATCHUP (1): PUB OPERATOR IS NOT VICARIOUSLY LIABLE FOR DOORMEN’S ACTS: A CONCLUSION REACHED “WITH REGRET”
To ensure that those CLB readers who are personal injury litigators are not neglected there is a short series this work looking at recent decisions in relation to liability (a similar series on damages will feature in a few weeks…
SERVICE POINTS 48 : A DEFAULT JUDGMENT IN THE FIRST ACTION (AGAINST A DEFENDANT WHO WAS NEVER SERVED) LEADS TO A SECOND ACTION BEING STRUCK OUT
This is a sorry tale. Someone who may have had a perfectly good claim for damages for personal injury has their case struck out because of procedural mishaps by their own solicitors. It all stems from a failure to serve…
BACK TO BASICS MONDAY (2): A SERIES OF CHECKLISTS TO HELP YOU WITH DRAFTING STATEMENTS FOR “CORPORATE” CLIENTS: THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND BELIEF
The normal post on back to basics came out a day early (due to an “administrative” error). However it does give us a chance to revisit the practical implications when a litigator has to draft a witness statement on behalf…
BACK TO BASICS MONDAY: GIVING THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION IN A WITNESS STATEMENT WHEN THERE IS A CORPORATE CLIENT: PROBLEMS KEEP OCCURRING
Today we are looking at what is a common issue, and common mistake, when someone makes a witness statement for, or on behalf of a corporate client. The CPR expressly provides that a witness must state the source of “information…
THROWBACK FRIDAY: “WHICH WITNESS WILL BE BELIEVED? IS IT ALL A LOTTERY? (JULY 2014): ISSUES OF WITNESS CREDIBILITY CONSIDERED
This week we go back 12 years to look at one of the recurring themes of this blog: witness credibility. We looked at a judgment which was all about the judge’s assessment of the witnesses. This was made more difficult…
EXPERT WATCH 54 : THE DEPUTY MASTER SHOULD NOT HAVE IGNORED THE EXPERT EVIDENCE BEFORE THE COURT: IT WAS RELEVANT AND ADDRESSED THE CENTRAL ISSUE
We are looking at a case where, on appeal, the judge found that a Deputy Master fell into error by failing to take into account relevant expert evidence provided by a claimant. The judge held that the Master had misunderstood…
A SOLICITOR SHOULD JUST NOT BE SAYING THIS IN A WITNESS STATEMENT: IT “STRAYED WELL BEYOND WHAT SHE COULD LEGALLY GIVE EVIDENCE ABOUT FROM HER OWN KNOWLEDGE INCLUDED HEARSAY FROM AN UNNAMED SOURCE AND INCLUDED STATEMENTS OF OPINION WHICH SHE DID NOT HAVE THE EXPERTISE TO GIVE…”
There are numerous cases reported on this blog where judges have been critical of the “evidence” given by solicitors in witness statements. In many cases, even on cursory examination, it transpires that the lawyer is not in a position to…
COST BITES 407: COURT OF APPEAL OVERTURNS DECISION STRIKING OUT POINTS OF DISPUTE BECAUSE OF NON-AINSWORTH COMPLIANCE: JUDGMENT GIVEN TODAY
In this case the Court of Appeal overturned a decision, itself made on appeal, which had struck out a crucial paragraph of Points of Dispute to a bill of costs. The crucial point here, however, is that this is not…
FIVE THOUSAND CLAIMANTS AND JUST EIGHT COURT FEES: COURT OF APPEAL UPHOLDS DECISION ON CPR 7.3
In this case the Court of Appeal upheld a decision that some 5,000 individual small value cases could proceed together as, essentially, one action. The provisions of CPR 7.3 were considered and the Court held that the High Court Judge…
THE COURT WAS WRONG NOT TO STRIKE THE DEFENCE OUT: A FAILURE TO DISPUTE A POINT IN THE JERSEY COURTS MEANT IT WAS NOT OPEN TO A DEFENDANT TO ARGUE IT IN A SECOND ACTION
This is a case where, on appeal, it was held that it was not open to a defendant to bring an action because they had already had the ability to raise issues with a court in Jersey. The judge held…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW: LOOKING AT SERIES 2: AND WHY THIS APPLIES TO ALL LITIGATORS… (INCLUDING THAT REGULAR MISSIVE THAT YOU SHOULD NOT THREATEN YOUR OPPONENT WITH A PROCTOLOGY EXAMINATION..)
I will soon be starting a new series on “Advocacy – the Judge’s view”. This draws on the principle that whilst judges are the advocate’s clients they are their “consumers” so to speak. Before that it is useful to remind…
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND LITIGATION: AN UPDATE ON CONSULTATION FINDINGS FROM THE CIVIL JUSTICE COUNCIL
The Civil Justice Council is carrying out a Consultation on the Use of AI for the preparation of court documents. It published an update on its consultation findings yesterday. The preliminary view appears to be that the use of AI…
WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY 2: A CHECKLIST FOR THOSE CALLED UP TO PREPARE WITNESS STATEMENTS IN A “FAREPAK” TYPE SCENARIO
The previous post contained a review of the judge’s comments in the Farepak case. The judicial observations that witness statements are often misused and misunderstood is one of an extremely large number of such observations. (The “Related Posts” section below…
WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: THE CASE WHERE THE GOVERNMENT’S WITNESS EVIDENCE WAS SO BAD THAT IT WITHDREW THE CASE BEFORE THE RESPONDENTS GAVE EVIDENCE: WHY THE PRINCIPLES RELATING TO WITNESS EVIDENCE NEED TO BE UNDERSTOOD
Recent posts have revisited the age-old problem of witness statements being misused. They often contain argument and comment. For that reason we are revisiting the observations of Mr Justice Smith in the Farepak case farepak-judges-statement. It presents an object lesson…
DAMAGES IN ANTICIPATION OF DEATH AND LOSSES PRIOR TO DEATH 2026: WEBINAR 2nd JULY 2026
Not all fatal claims fall neatly under the Fatal Accidents Act 1976 framework or the general rules of personal injury damages. This is an area where practitioners have to act with great sensitivity but also where a detailed knowledge of…
EXPERT WATCH 53 (THAT CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE AGAIN): THE DEFENDANT’S EXPERTS MADE MISTAKES AND THEN “GAVE AN IMPRESSION OF LOFTINESS” : THE JUDGE FELT UNABLE TO RELY ON THEIR CONCLUSIONS
Here we have an example of a judge clearly rejecting the expert evidence adduced on behalf of a defendant and giving clear grounds for the criticism of them. This was in the context of a case where the defendant had…
PROVING THINGS 293: THE CLAIMANT ESTABLISHES CAUSATION IN A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE: THE JUDGE DID NOT DRAW ADVERSE INFERENCES -AND THIS WAS A SUBMISSION THAT PUT THE DEFENDANT IN SOME JEOPARDY…
This is an interesting case on clinical negligence where judgment was given today. It warrants (and will receive) several posts. Here we look at the trial judge’s rejection of the argument that adverse inferences should be drawn when the claimant…
EXPERT WATCH 52: A REMINDER THAT THE JUDGE REMAINS THE SOLE FINDER OF FACT: (HOWEVER THIS A CASE WHERE THE JUDGE IS HIGHLY COMPLIMENTARY ABOUT SOME OF THE EXPERTS)
Here we look at the judge’s comments on expert evidence arising from a complex case in the Commercial Court. The judgment provides a reminder that experts should not be instructed to comment on matters of fact which are the sole…
BACK TO BASICS MONDAY: WHEN A RULE OR AN ORDER PRESCRIBES A PAGE LIMIT TO A WITNESS STATEMENT – THEN YOU’D BETTER STICK TO IT: THE COURT IS UNLIKELY TO CONDONE “FORENSIC CHEATING”
Here we are, with no apology, looking at the same case in the earlier post again. The earlier post dealt with the issue of relief from sanction. Here I want to concentrate on the litigant’s deliberate decision to breach the…
RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS: AS STRONGLY WORDED A REFUSAL AS I HAVE SEEN: THE CONCEPT “DOES NOT EMBODY A PRINCIPLE OF “BREACH NOW REPENT LATER”
Here we look at a strongly worded judgment where relief from sanctions was refused. A party had exceeded the page limit set by court directions and also served the statement late. The judge dismissed the arguments that the other side…
CHILDREN AND FATAL ACCIDENT LITIGATION 2026: WEBINAR 30th JUNE 2026
Fatal accident claims involving children present unique and sensitive legal challenges for practitioners. This webinar examines claims brought on behalf of children as well as claims arising from the death of a child, highlighting the procedural, evidential, and dependency issues…
COST BITES 406: CAN A PARTY RECOVER UNNECESSARY COSTS AS DAMAGES? THE CONSEQUENCES OF AN UNNECESSARY SECOND ACTION CONSIDERED IN THE HIGH COURT
This is a judgment that considers the difficult issue of whether a claimant, who has been put to unnecessary costs of pursuing to separate actions because of the defendant’s conduct, can claim the unnecessary elements of costs back as damages. …
THE WEBINAR ON THE SRA GUIDANCE ON EFFECTIVE SUPERVISION: WHAT LITIGATION FIRMS NEED TO KNOW: TOGETHER WITH LOTS OF CHECKLISTS AND TEMPLATESNOW AVAILABLE “ON DEMAND”
For those who could not make the live broadcast yesterday the webinar is available “on demand”. Viewers also receive copies of a series of checklists and guides to compliance. Including A general Supervision Checklist The Litigation Supervisor Checklist The Supervised…
COST BITES 405: SHOULD A SUCCESSFUL CLAIMANT’S CONDUCT LEAD TO A DEDUCTION OF 45% OF THEIR COSTS? A TOOTH DECISION…
This is a case where the judge had to consider whether a successful claimants costs should be reduced because of conduct. The judge found that there were grounds to criticise the claimant’s conduct of the action. However this could not…
THROWBACK FRIDAY: THIRTEEN YEARS OF BLOGGING (JUNE 2013): THE TEENAGE YEARS ARE STARTING…
Today we look at the posts from June 2013, that is the month that Civil Litigation Brief first started as a blog (24th June 2013). Prior to that it had been a monthly (and when the Civil Procedure Rules were…
THE NEW SRA GUIDANCE ON SUPERVISION 7: RECORDING ARRANGMENTS (IF IT ISN’T WRITTEN DOWN IT HASN’T HAPPENED…)
We are returning to the SRA Guidance on Effective Supervision, this time looking at the importance that is given to recording the supervision arrangements. It is clear that the SRA expects these to be written down. I have provided a…
THE NEW SRA GUIDANCE ON EFFECTIVE SUPERVISION 6: WHAT IS MEANT BY THE “CONDUCT OF LITIGATION”? (IT TURNS OUT ITS A MATTER OF “PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT”)
Knowing what the “conduct of litigation” means is an essential piece of knowledge for all litigators. If you allow “unauthorised” persons to conduct litigation then you (and they) are committing a criminal offence (and you are also in contempt of…
AN APPLICATION TO SET A DEFAULT JUDGMENT ASIDE (1): THE EVIDENCE AS TO THE MERITS: THE JUDGE SHOULD NOT HAVE CONDUCTED A “MINI TRIAL”
A defendant applying to set aside a properly obtained default judgment has a number of hurdles to clear. The court will consider the “merits” of the proposed defence, the reason for the delay, “promptness” and then go on to consider…
WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: EVIDENCE BY VIDEO LINK FROM ABROAD: A POINT TO WATCH : SOME USEFUL GUIDANCE AND PRACTICAL STEPS
There are several cases where the courts have observed that attempts to allow a witness to give evidence from abroad are not, in fact, legal. This was highlighted in a judgment yesterday. Some countries have particular rules governing the taking…
EXPERT WATCH 51: THE EXPERT VALUERS SHOULD HAVE GONE INTO THIS EXERCISE “BLIND” – THEIR CREDIBILITY WOULD BE “MUCH IMPROVED”
In this case the judge expressly sets out a method of instructing the experts which would have been of more assistance to the court. In essence that the valuation experts should have been instructed, initially, without any knowledge of the…
DEEPFAKES AND THE LAWYER: SOME USEFUL CHECKLISTS AND LINKS: “VERIFICATION SHOULD OCCUR BEFORE EVIDENCE IS DEPLOYED, NOT AFTER AUTHENTICITY IS CHALLENGED…”
The previous post dealt with a case where a participant in a relatively small dispute about shared childcare was found guilty of putting “deepfake” evidence before the courts. This provides a wake up call to us all that our clients,…
“DEEPFAKE” EVIDENCE POSSIBLY COMING TO A COURT NEAR YOU SOON: LESSONS FROM AMERICA…
We have looked at the problems caused by Artificial Intelligence many times on this blog. Practitioners also have to be aware of the possibility that the evidence they are given by their own clients, or used by the other side,…
WHEN A LOCAL AUTHORITY REQUIRES RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS: “IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT THAT THE PUBLIC BODY FILES ITS PAPERS IN A TIMELY FASHION AND CO-OPERATES WITH THE CLAIMANT”
Here we look at a case where a defendant local authority had to apply for relief from sanctions in relation to breaches of court orders and directions. The judge was critical of the defendant’s conduct, pointing out that there was…
THE NEW SRA GUIDANCE ON EFFECTIVE SUPERVISION 5: GOOD PRACTICE SUGGESTIONS
We are continuing with our examination of the updated SRA Guidance on Effective Supervision. This is a relatively short section but of considerable importance. There is a series of checklists on this topic (these are produced for this blog and…
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