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Updates and Commentary on Civil Procedure, by Gordon Exall, Barrister, Kings Chambers
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MAZUR MATTERS 60: THE REVISED LAW SOCIETY GUIDANCE NOTE: SOME KEY POINTS: THIS WILL REQUIRE CLOSER OVERSIGHT OF THE WORK BEING DONE

MAZUR MATTERS 60: THE REVISED LAW SOCIETY GUIDANCE NOTE: SOME KEY POINTS: THIS WILL REQUIRE CLOSER OVERSIGHT OF THE WORK BEING DONE

April 14, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

One remarkable aspect of the Mazur decision is that in a very real sense it is the losers of the case who get to decide what goes on going forward.  The Court of Appeal rejected the submissions of the Law Society…

THERE WAS NO AGREEMENT TO EXTEND TIME  FOR SERVICE AS THE DEFENDANT ASSERTED: THE SCCO REFUSES TO SET ASIDE A DEFAULT COSTS CERTIFICATE

THERE WAS NO AGREEMENT TO EXTEND TIME FOR SERVICE AS THE DEFENDANT ASSERTED: THE SCCO REFUSES TO SET ASIDE A DEFAULT COSTS CERTIFICATE

April 13, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Assessment of Costs, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Relief from sanctions, Setting aside judgment, Witness statements

This is an interesting judgement on two levels. Firstly the judge did not accept the defendant’s contention that there had been an agreement to extend time for service of Points of Dispute to a bill of costs. Secondly, applying the…

MAZUR IN THE COURT OF APPEAL: WEBINAR WITH CHECKLISTS:  NOW AVAILABLE "ON DEMAND"

MAZUR IN THE COURT OF APPEAL: WEBINAR WITH CHECKLISTS: NOW AVAILABLE “ON DEMAND”

April 10, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs, Webinar

If you could not attend the webinar on the practical implications of  the Court of Appeal decision in Mazur yesterday it is now available “on demand”.  The Mazur decision confirms that authorised individuals may delegate tasks within the conduct of…

COST BITES 374: IF THIS WAS A CBA THE UNILATERAL ABILITY TO VARY RATES WOULD HAVE LED TO IT BEING SET ASIDE ON THE GROUNDS IT WAS UNREASONABLE

COST BITES 374: IF THIS WAS A CBA THE UNILATERAL ABILITY TO VARY RATES WOULD HAVE LED TO IT BEING SET ASIDE ON THE GROUNDS IT WAS UNREASONABLE

April 9, 2026 · by gexall · in Assessment of Costs, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

We are continuing with our examination of a case we looked at yesterday. The court found that the agreement between the parties was not a Contentious Business Agreement.  However the judge also stated that it it had been a CBA…

USEFUL CHECKLISTS TO HELP ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH MAZUR: PART OF THE MATERIALS PROVIDED WITH THE WEBINAR ON THE 9th APRIL

USEFUL CHECKLISTS TO HELP ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH MAZUR: PART OF THE MATERIALS PROVIDED WITH THE WEBINAR ON THE 9th APRIL

April 7, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Webinar

The webinar on Thursday provides a wealth of material in relation to compliance with the Court of Appeal guidance as to the conduct of litigation after  the Court of Appeal decision in Mazur. In addition there is a series of…

COST BITES 370: THE OTHER PART OF THE CAR PARKING SAGA: COURT AWARDS COSTS AGAINST THE CLAIMANT IN A SMALL CLAIMS TRACK CASE

COST BITES 370: THE OTHER PART OF THE CAR PARKING SAGA: COURT AWARDS COSTS AGAINST THE CLAIMANT IN A SMALL CLAIMS TRACK CASE

April 7, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Assessment of Costs, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

Here we return to the case considered in the previous post.  The judge refused to allow the claimant’s representative a right of audience in a Small Claims Track case.  This was a Small Claims Track case, however the judge then…

MAZUR MATTERS 58: LEARN HOW TO SUPERVISE STAFF PROPERLY - OR RISK GOING TO JAIL: IT IS WISE TO RECORD SUPERVISION ARRANGEMENTS FULLY

MAZUR MATTERS 58: LEARN HOW TO SUPERVISE STAFF PROPERLY – OR RISK GOING TO JAIL: IT IS WISE TO RECORD SUPERVISION ARRANGEMENTS FULLY

April 7, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Webinar

One key element of the Mazur decision, that needs repeating, is that it does not allow unauthorised persons to “conduct” litigation.  It allows unauthorised people to assist and conduct the tasks involved in litigation so long as they are properly…

MAZUR MATTERS 57: THE INDEMNITY INSURER'S VIEW: "DOES IT CHANGE THAT MUCH REALLY?": "I STRUGGLE TO THINK OF REAL LIFE SCENARIOS THAT WOULD HAVE FALLEN FOUL OF SHELDON J'S DISTINCTION BUT ARE NOW LAWFUL (AND VICE VERSA)"

MAZUR MATTERS 57: THE INDEMNITY INSURER’S VIEW: “DOES IT CHANGE THAT MUCH REALLY?”: “I STRUGGLE TO THINK OF REAL LIFE SCENARIOS THAT WOULD HAVE FALLEN FOUL OF SHELDON J’S DISTINCTION BUT ARE NOW LAWFUL (AND VICE VERSA)”

April 6, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

I have written several times that when it came to providing practical guidance on how to deal with the Mazur judgment it was often insurers that were far more helpful than the regulators.  It is worthwhile having a look at…

MAZUR IN THE COURT OF APPEAL: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTITIONERS: (THIS IS NOT "AS YOU WERE"):  WEBINAR 9th APRIL 2026

MAZUR IN THE COURT OF APPEAL: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTITIONERS: (THIS IS NOT “AS YOU WERE”): WEBINAR 9th APRIL 2026

April 2, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Webinar

I have already written about the misunderstandings that have occurred in relation to the Mazur judgment.  The judgment is far more nuanced than some commentators suggest and a detailed knowledge of what is required is essential for anyone involved in…

COST BITES 369: SOMETIMES LITIGATION IS MORE ART THAN SCIENCE: "BANKSY" ENTITLED TO INDEMNITY COSTS AFTER ACTION DISCONTINUED, BUT NOT A NON-PARTY COSTS ORDER

COST BITES 369: SOMETIMES LITIGATION IS MORE ART THAN SCIENCE: “BANKSY” ENTITLED TO INDEMNITY COSTS AFTER ACTION DISCONTINUED, BUT NOT A NON-PARTY COSTS ORDER

April 2, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

Here we have a case where the claimant discontinued. Discontinuance made the claimant liable to pay costs.  However in this case it was ordered to pay costs on the indemnity basis (from a key date).   The judge then considered the…

MAZUR MATTERS 54: THINGS WE STILL DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER TO (1)  WHAT IS MEANT BY "THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION"? THE COURT DID NOT SUPPLY AN "EXHAUSTIVE DEFINITION"

MAZUR MATTERS 54: THINGS WE STILL DON’T KNOW THE ANSWER TO (1) WHAT IS MEANT BY “THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION”? THE COURT DID NOT SUPPLY AN “EXHAUSTIVE DEFINITION”

April 1, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Witness statements

The judgment given yesterday still leaves us with many uncertainties and litigators still need to tread with some care.  Here we look at one of the matters that the Court of Appeal was not able to give a definitive answer…

THE MAZUR DECISION TODAY 3: NO DEFINITIVE DEFINITION OF THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION: BUT WE DO HAVE THE "MAGNIFICENT SEVEN"

THE MAZUR DECISION TODAY 3: NO DEFINITIVE DEFINITION OF THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION: BUT WE DO HAVE THE “MAGNIFICENT SEVEN”

March 31, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Members Content

We continue our look at the judgment today by looking at the court’s more detailed consideration of what was meant by the “conduct of litigation”.  The court did not give a definition. However it did give seven key points as to…

HOW A FIRM OF SOLICITORS SHOULD NOT CONDUCT THEMSELVES IN LITIGATION: A WORKING EXAMPLE: EVIDENCE THAT WAS "GENERALLY UNRRELIABLE" AND "LACKING IN CREDIBILITY"

HOW A FIRM OF SOLICITORS SHOULD NOT CONDUCT THEMSELVES IN LITIGATION: A WORKING EXAMPLE: EVIDENCE THAT WAS “GENERALLY UNRRELIABLE” AND “LACKING IN CREDIBILITY”

March 27, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content, Witness statements

Here we are looking at a judgment that contains some remarkable observations  and findings about the conduct of a solicitor.  The judge was concerned not only about the failure to comply with directions, the inadequate nature of the statement of…

THROWBACK FRIDAY: MAKING A MISTAKE AND THEN BIGGING A DEEPER HOLE FOR YOURSELF: MARCH 2018

THROWBACK FRIDAY: MAKING A MISTAKE AND THEN BIGGING A DEEPER HOLE FOR YOURSELF: MARCH 2018

March 27, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Relief from sanctions

Here we are looking at a set of circumstances that we have seen  many time, both before and after this post from March 2018. A lawyer makes a mistake, panics and then makes horrendous decisions in an attempt to cover…

HALLUCINATIONS KEEP APPEARING IN THE REPORTS: TWO MORE EXAMPLES: COUNSEL AT FAULT IN BOTH...

HALLUCINATIONS KEEP APPEARING IN THE REPORTS: TWO MORE EXAMPLES: COUNSEL AT FAULT IN BOTH…

March 23, 2026 · by gexall · in Artificial Intelligence, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content

We are looking at two more examples of “hallucinated” cases appearing in reported cases. In both cases it was counsel that was presenting the case. (In one case counsel was acting for himself). “The incident does, however, demonstrate vividly the…

COST BITES 364: THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CPR IS "PAY AS YOU GO": JUDGE SUMMARILY ASSESSES COSTS  OF SUMMARY JUDGMENT ISSUES AT £109,576 PLUS VAT

COST BITES 364: THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CPR IS “PAY AS YOU GO”: JUDGE SUMMARILY ASSESSES COSTS OF SUMMARY JUDGMENT ISSUES AT £109,576 PLUS VAT

March 19, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Summary assessment,

Here we are returning to a case we looked at yesterday.   The judge granted the claimant summary judgment on certain issues.  The defendants elected not to attend the application.  The defendants were ordered to pay costs on the indemnity basis. …

THE IMPORTANCE OF  SOLICITORS' ESTIMATES IN RELATION TO COSTS: SOME EXAMPLES WHERE PROBLEMS HAVE OCCURRED (WITH A FINAL PLUG FOR THE WEBINAR ON THE 19th MARCH)

THE IMPORTANCE OF SOLICITORS’ ESTIMATES IN RELATION TO COSTS: SOME EXAMPLES WHERE PROBLEMS HAVE OCCURRED (WITH A FINAL PLUG FOR THE WEBINAR ON THE 19th MARCH)

March 18, 2026 · by gexall · in Assessment of Costs, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs

The recent short series on this site about the Ombudsman and estimates of costs highlighted the issues that can occur when there are disputes over costs and the original figures given by the solicitor.  However the Ombudsman is not the…

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 6: YOU SAID IT WOULD COST £2,500 - £3,000 - I'VE PAID YOU £16,000: THE IMPORTANCE OF GIVING ESTIMATES AS TO DISBURSEMENTS

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 6: YOU SAID IT WOULD COST £2,500 – £3,000 – I’VE PAID YOU £16,000: THE IMPORTANCE OF GIVING ESTIMATES AS TO DISBURSEMENTS

March 16, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

This decision emphasises the fact that when giving costs estimates the solicitor should also do their best to estimate the costs of disbursements in addition to their own costs.  Here the solicitor mentioned that there would be additional costs if…

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 5: DISCOURAGING THE USE OF A BTE POLICY (THIS IS NOT GOOD NEWS FOR THE SOLICITOR...)

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 5: DISCOURAGING THE USE OF A BTE POLICY (THIS IS NOT GOOD NEWS FOR THE SOLICITOR…)

March 12, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

We continue with our examination of the Legal Ombudsman’s decisions about costs.  The issue here was whether the solicitors were correct to discourage the use of an BTE policy and act privately taking out ATE insurance. “It is expected by…

CAN A DEFENDANT MAKE A PART 36 OFFER THAT ATTEMPTS TO BIND THE CLAIMANT IN RELATION TO MATTERS NOT PLEADED?

CAN A DEFENDANT MAKE A PART 36 OFFER THAT ATTEMPTS TO BIND THE CLAIMANT IN RELATION TO MATTERS NOT PLEADED?

March 11, 2026 · by gexall · in Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content, Part 36

Here we have an interesting, and important, point about CPR Part 36. Firstly could a defendant establish that a claimant had not beaten a Part 36 offer when that offer dealt with matters that were not part of the pleaded…

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 4: GOING OUTSIDE THE LEVEL OF LEGAL INSURANCE COVER

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 4: GOING OUTSIDE THE LEVEL OF LEGAL INSURANCE COVER

March 11, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

Here we are looking at a decision in relation to legal expenses insurance. The solicitor had gone outside the cover of the insurance but not informed the client.  The Ombudsman’s conclusions on this issue are not a great surprise… “The…

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 3: FAILURE TO CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF FUNDING

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 3: FAILURE TO CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF FUNDING

March 10, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

We are continuing with our examination of Legal Ombudsman decisions on issues relating to costs.  Here there was an finding of inadequate service because of a failure to consider whether the client had legal insurance that cover the costs involved….

AVOIDING THE PITFALLS WITH EXPERT EVIDENCE: WEBINAR 20th MARCH 2026: THE EXPERTS REPORT WAS "ALMOST WORSE THAN USELESS..."

AVOIDING THE PITFALLS WITH EXPERT EVIDENCE: WEBINAR 20th MARCH 2026: THE EXPERTS REPORT WAS “ALMOST WORSE THAN USELESS…”

March 6, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Credibility of experts, Expert evidence, Experts, Webinar

We have seen some graphic examples in the past few weeks of a court robustly rejecting expert evidence adduced on behalf of a claimant. This webinar examines why expert evidence is not accepted, limited, or even wholly rejected at trial….

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 2: POOR COSTS INFORMATION: NOT INFORMING THE CLIENT ABOUT COSTS UNTIL TWO YEARS INTO THE RETAINER...

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 2: POOR COSTS INFORMATION: NOT INFORMING THE CLIENT ABOUT COSTS UNTIL TWO YEARS INTO THE RETAINER…

March 6, 2026 · by gexall · in Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

We are taking a close look at several Legal Ombudsman decisions in relation to costs, more particularly information about costs in litigation.  Here the firm of solicitors did not provide any information about potential costs for a year after being…

THROWBACK FRIDAY: LITIGATION: WHAT IS AN APPROPRIATE CASE LOAD - AND IS IT IMPORTANT? (MARCH 2016)

THROWBACK FRIDAY: LITIGATION: WHAT IS AN APPROPRIATE CASE LOAD – AND IS IT IMPORTANT? (MARCH 2016)

March 6, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Relief from sanctions

Here is a post from a decade ago with an issue that remains just as relevant today.  What is an appropriate case load for litigators?  How do we find the balance between economic survival and overloading, stress and the major…

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 1 : WHILST COSTS CAN BE DIFFICULT TO PREDICT THE FIRM SHOULD HAVE PROVIDED AN ESTIMATE BASED ON THEIR PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE...

COSTS INFORMATION AND THE OMBUDSMAN 1 : WHILST COSTS CAN BE DIFFICULT TO PREDICT THE FIRM SHOULD HAVE PROVIDED AN ESTIMATE BASED ON THEIR PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE…

March 5, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

We continue with our examination of recent Legal Ombudsman decisions in relation to providing estimates of costs in particular.  Here we have a finding that the information given as to the costs of litigation was inadequate.   “Whilst I appreciate…

THE DEFENDANTS' APPLICATION WAS AN ABUSE OF PROCESS: THE DANGERS OF TRYING SIMILAR THINGS A SECOND TIME AROUND: "THE HENDERSON AND HUNTER PRINCIPLES APPLY TO INTERLOCUTORY HEARINGS AS MUCH AS TO FINAL HEARINGS"

THE DEFENDANTS’ APPLICATION WAS AN ABUSE OF PROCESS: THE DANGERS OF TRYING SIMILAR THINGS A SECOND TIME AROUND: “THE HENDERSON AND HUNTER PRINCIPLES APPLY TO INTERLOCUTORY HEARINGS AS MUCH AS TO FINAL HEARINGS”

March 5, 2026 · by gexall · in Abuse of Process, Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Members Content

This is an interesting case on the relevance of the “Henderson” principles to applications, in this case for reverse summary judgment/to strike out the claim.  A similar application had been made much earlier in the litigation.  The judge found for…

MAZUR MATTERS 53: JUDGE REFUSES TO GRANT A SPECIFIC OR GENERAL EXEMPTION TO AN EXPERIENCED LEGAL EXECUTIVE

MAZUR MATTERS 53: JUDGE REFUSES TO GRANT A SPECIFIC OR GENERAL EXEMPTION TO AN EXPERIENCED LEGAL EXECUTIVE

March 3, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

One of the issues that has followed the Mazur decision arises from the fact that the statute gives the court a power to grant an exemption.  Here the judge considered whether the power to grant an exemption should be granted…

MAZUR MATTERS 52: AND NOW WE WAIT... STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION AND "DANCING ON A PINHEAD" : SOME USEFUL LINKS

MAZUR MATTERS 52: AND NOW WE WAIT… STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION AND “DANCING ON A PINHEAD” : SOME USEFUL LINKS

February 27, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Conduct

The arguments in the Mazur appeal have been completed. The profession now awaits.    I was able to watch the first 1 1/2 days.  I have to say that phrase “dancing on a pinhead” came to mind when I was…

COST BITES 358: WHAT DOES THE COURT DO IF THE PARTIES HAVE COMPROMISED AN APPLICATION BUT CANNOT AGREE ON WHO SHOULD PAY THE COSTS?

COST BITES 358: WHAT DOES THE COURT DO IF THE PARTIES HAVE COMPROMISED AN APPLICATION BUT CANNOT AGREE ON WHO SHOULD PAY THE COSTS?

February 25, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

There are occasions where the parties agree the terms of an application but cannot agree who should pay the costs – the court is asked to adjudicate.   There are difficulties for the judge in this situation.  In particular judges are…

COST BITES 359: FAILING TO SIGN CONSENT ORDER LEADS TO £44,000 IN COSTS: "GOING SILENT" IS NOT A CHEAP OPTION...

COST BITES 359: FAILING TO SIGN CONSENT ORDER LEADS TO £44,000 IN COSTS: “GOING SILENT” IS NOT A CHEAP OPTION…

February 24, 2026 · by gexall · in Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

Just a quick warning  here about the costs of not signing a consent order having agreed to so something.  It can be expensive. We have a case here where it cost £44,000 when the claimant made an application because the…

COST BITES 358: JUDGE DOES NOT  AWARD COSTS ON AN APPLICATION FOR PERMISSION TO APPEAL BECAUSE THE RESPONDENT (INITIALLY) ASKED FOR TOO MUCH

COST BITES 358: JUDGE DOES NOT AWARD COSTS ON AN APPLICATION FOR PERMISSION TO APPEAL BECAUSE THE RESPONDENT (INITIALLY) ASKED FOR TOO MUCH

February 24, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Assessment of Costs, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content

It is not unusual for a party, on an interlocutory application, to put in a schedule of costs that covers the entire action. Sometimes this is justified, often it is not.  Here we have a case where this backfired.  The initial…

BACK TO BASICS MONDAY: WHAT HAS TO HAPPEN WHEN A LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNS THE STATEMENT OF TRUTH: A STARK REMINDER

BACK TO BASICS MONDAY: WHAT HAS TO HAPPEN WHEN A LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNS THE STATEMENT OF TRUTH: A STARK REMINDER

February 23, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content, Statements of Case, Statements of Truth

There are major dangers when a lawyer signs a statement of truth on behalf of their client. I had actually planned a post on this issue before seeing the judgment last week which features below..  For many years this site…

MORE DECISIONS ABOUT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND "HALLUCINATED" CASES: THE UPPER TRIBUNAL IS FAR FROM HAPPY: LEGAL PROFESSIONALS WHO DELEGATE THEIR WORK REMAIN RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING ITS ACCURACY

MORE DECISIONS ABOUT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND “HALLUCINATED” CASES: THE UPPER TRIBUNAL IS FAR FROM HAPPY: LEGAL PROFESSIONALS WHO DELEGATE THEIR WORK REMAIN RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING ITS ACCURACY

February 20, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

As I’ve said before the hallucinated cases just keep on coming. The issues were considered by the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) here.  There are important points about the need to supervise staff who undertake legal research. It is…

THE CURRENT IMPORTANCE OF PLEADINGS 55: THE PARTICULARS OF CLAIM CONTAINED A (SIGNIFICANTLY) FALSE FACT: JUDGE FINDS THAT THIS WAS PRINCIPALLY DUE TO THE FAULT OF "BARRISTER M"

THE CURRENT IMPORTANCE OF PLEADINGS 55: THE PARTICULARS OF CLAIM CONTAINED A (SIGNIFICANTLY) FALSE FACT: JUDGE FINDS THAT THIS WAS PRINCIPALLY DUE TO THE FAULT OF “BARRISTER M”

February 20, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content, Statements of Case, Statements of Truth

It is rare for a judgment about pleadings to be “gripping” reading. We have such a case here. From the opening lines, to the detailed consideration of how the pleadings went wrong, the narrative is compelling. We even have an…

THE USE OF AI FOR PREPARING COURT DOCUMENTS: READ THE CIVIL JUSTICE COUNCIL INTERIM REPORT AND CONSULTATION

THE USE OF AI FOR PREPARING COURT DOCUMENTS: READ THE CIVIL JUSTICE COUNCIL INTERIM REPORT AND CONSULTATION

February 19, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content

The Civil Justice Council has produced an interim report and consultation document on the use of AI for preparing Court documents.  This is worthwhile reading. It summarises many of the current issues “Artificial intelligence (“AI”) has enormous potential to be…

COURT OF APPEAL ALLOWS APPEAL AGAINST STRIKING OUT: THE APPELLANTS HAD NEVER BREACHED A PEREMPTORY ORDER: HOW "UNLESS ORDERS" SHOULD BE CONSTRUED

COURT OF APPEAL ALLOWS APPEAL AGAINST STRIKING OUT: THE APPELLANTS HAD NEVER BREACHED A PEREMPTORY ORDER: HOW “UNLESS ORDERS” SHOULD BE CONSTRUED

February 19, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Peremptory orders, Relief from sanctions

For the second time this month we are looking at a successful appeal against the construction of an “unless” order.  In both cases the judges below had found that the appellants had breached the order. In both cases that finding…

WHAT TO DO WHEN THINGS GO WRONG IN LITIGATION (2):  CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NICE PEOPLE OF TWITTER:

WHAT TO DO WHEN THINGS GO WRONG IN LITIGATION (2): CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NICE PEOPLE OF TWITTER:

February 17, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content, Relief from sanctions

I am here summarising the Advice given by lawyers on the social media site formerly known as Twitter. In April 2019 I asked lawyers what their advice would be for their colleagues in the profession when things go wrong.  Specifically…

COST BITES 347: CLAIMANTS FAILURE TO "CUT THEIR CLOTH" MEANT COSTS OF BUDGETING PROCESS WERE REDUCED BY 20%

COST BITES 347: CLAIMANTS FAILURE TO “CUT THEIR CLOTH” MEANT COSTS OF BUDGETING PROCESS WERE REDUCED BY 20%

February 11, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Civil evidence, Conduct, Costs, Costs budgeting

We have seen several cases where an “overambitious” costs budget has led to a reduction  or disallowance in the costs of budgeting. We have another example here.  The claimants were effectively given a second chance to produce budgets having had…

WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DRAFTING OF WITNESS STATEMENTS: "IT IS DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN WHAT F SAYS AND WHAT AN ALGORITHM TELLS F TO SAY"

WITNESS EVIDENCE WEDNESDAY: THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DRAFTING OF WITNESS STATEMENTS: “IT IS DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN WHAT F SAYS AND WHAT AN ALGORITHM TELLS F TO SAY”

February 11, 2026 · by gexall · in Artificial Intelligence, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content, Witness statements

There is much material about witness evidence and witness statements on this site.  In recent years we have also been discussing the use (and misuse) of artificial intelligence.  We can be fairly sure that there will be much more about…

WHAT TO DO WHEN THINGS GO WRONG IN LITIGATION(1): A PRIMER FOR "WHEN THE SKY IS FALLING"

WHAT TO DO WHEN THINGS GO WRONG IN LITIGATION(1): A PRIMER FOR “WHEN THE SKY IS FALLING”

February 9, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Relief from sanctions

Very little (if any) of the legal curriculum is devoted to what to do when things go wrong.  Not enough (in my view) is devoted to preventing things go wrong.  However here we concentrate on what do when something goes…

WE HAVE SEEN HOW  ALLEGED FAILURES IN PROVIDING COSTS INFORMATION  EXPOSES SOLICITORS' FIRMS TO RISK : A STRATEGY TO AVOID THE SAME OUTCOMES: ADVANCE NOTICE OF WEBINAR ON THE 19th MARCH 2026

WE HAVE SEEN HOW ALLEGED FAILURES IN PROVIDING COSTS INFORMATION EXPOSES SOLICITORS’ FIRMS TO RISK : A STRATEGY TO AVOID THE SAME OUTCOMES: ADVANCE NOTICE OF WEBINAR ON THE 19th MARCH 2026

February 9, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Assessment of Costs, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Webinar

Recent Legal Ombudsman decisions show that solicitors’ firms are being ordered to repay substantial fees and pay significant compensation for failures in costs information — even where the underlying litigation has been competently conducted. This webinar uses Knight and other recent…

COST BITES 345: RECEIVING PARTY'S FAILURE TO FILE ALL RELEVANT DOCUMENTS ON A PROVISIONAL ASSESSMENT RENDERS THE ASSESSMENT A NULLITY: CLEVER AND COMPLEX ARGUMENTS DID NOT PREVAIL

COST BITES 345: RECEIVING PARTY’S FAILURE TO FILE ALL RELEVANT DOCUMENTS ON A PROVISIONAL ASSESSMENT RENDERS THE ASSESSMENT A NULLITY: CLEVER AND COMPLEX ARGUMENTS DID NOT PREVAIL

February 8, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Applications, Assessment of Costs, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Costs, Members Content, Relief from sanctions, Setting aside judgment

What are the consequences if a party lodging the documents for a provisional assessment of costs fails to file all the relevant documents and the assessment goes ahead without the judge seeing all the points of dispute? .  This is…

COST BITES 342: THE CLAIMANTS' HYPERBOLIC APPROACH TO ASSESSMENT COST THEM DEARLY: PERSONAL LIABILITY FOR £132,400 FOLLOWING THEIR CHALLENGE OF A BILL OF £147,436.33

COST BITES 342: THE CLAIMANTS’ HYPERBOLIC APPROACH TO ASSESSMENT COST THEM DEARLY: PERSONAL LIABILITY FOR £132,400 FOLLOWING THEIR CHALLENGE OF A BILL OF £147,436.33

February 5, 2026 · by gexall · in Assessment of Costs, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

If a case were needed to warn about the dangers of litigation this is one of them. The claimants challenged a solicitor’s bill of £147,436.33, the bill was reduced by some £18,000 (less than the solicitor had offered to settle…

THE PARTIES SHOULD DRAFT ORDERS IN THE TERMS STATED BY THE JUDGE: THE DRAFTING SHOULD NOT BE LITIGIOUS BUT TRANSACTIONAL

THE PARTIES SHOULD DRAFT ORDERS IN THE TERMS STATED BY THE JUDGE: THE DRAFTING SHOULD NOT BE LITIGIOUS BUT TRANSACTIONAL

February 4, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

We are looking at two interesting aspects of a decision here. Firstly the judge’s observations on attempts by the claimants to “re-draw” the order made by the judge at the hearing. Secondly the finding that there were no good reasons…

HIGH COURT TACKLES SOME DIFFICULT PROCEDURAL ISSUES (1): IS A PREVIOUS BREACH NECESSARY FOR A PEREMPTORY ORDER TO BE MADE

HIGH COURT TACKLES SOME DIFFICULT PROCEDURAL ISSUES (1): IS A PREVIOUS BREACH NECESSARY FOR A PEREMPTORY ORDER TO BE MADE

February 3, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Case Management, Civil Procedure, Members Content, Peremptory orders

We are looking at judgment that is, essentially, all about procedural compliance and the court’s approach to making “unless orders”.  The approach of the appellate court to case management decisions could be added to that list.  It is a detailed…

MAKING THREATS TO REPORT LAWYERS TO THEIR REGULATORY BODIES IS CAPABLE OF AMOUNTING TO CONTEMPT OF COURT:  MAKE THREATS AT YOUR OWN PERIL...

MAKING THREATS TO REPORT LAWYERS TO THEIR REGULATORY BODIES IS CAPABLE OF AMOUNTING TO CONTEMPT OF COURT: MAKE THREATS AT YOUR OWN PERIL…

February 2, 2026 · by gexall · in Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Committal proceedings, Members Content

We are looking at a case where a respondent to committal proceedings threatened to make regulatory and other complaints about the conduct of the claimant solicitors.  The judge held that such threats made in these circumstances are capable of amounting…

MAZUR MATTERS 49: NEWS FROM CILEX ON LITIGATION PRACTICE RIGHTS: THERE MAY BE A SLIGHT CHANGE OF STANCE BY CILEX

MAZUR MATTERS 49: NEWS FROM CILEX ON LITIGATION PRACTICE RIGHTS: THERE MAY BE A SLIGHT CHANGE OF STANCE BY CILEX

February 2, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Civil Procedure, Members Content

One matter I continue to celebrate is when CILEx members announce that they have been granted Litigation Rights. I know that there are major questions as to whether they are necessary. However in the interim it is most probably prudent…

A FURTHER EXAMPLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GENERATING PHANTOM REFERENCES AND FALSE QUOTATIONS

A FURTHER EXAMPLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GENERATING PHANTOM REFERENCES AND FALSE QUOTATIONS

January 30, 2026 · by gexall · in Applications, Artificial Intelligence, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Members Content

We see the another example of the dangers of the use of Artificial Intelligence in this case.  Two authorities relied upon by a respondent did not contain the words attributed to them, none of them supported the propositions that had…

MAZUR MATTERS 48: THE INTERIM REPORT: REGULATOR'S GUIDANCE ON THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION WAS "NOT ALWAYS ARTICULATED WITH SUFFICIENT PRECISION"

MAZUR MATTERS 48: THE INTERIM REPORT: REGULATOR’S GUIDANCE ON THE CONDUCT OF LITIGATION WAS “NOT ALWAYS ARTICULATED WITH SUFFICIENT PRECISION”

January 30, 2026 · by gexall · in Appeals, Applications, Avoiding negligence claims, Civil evidence, Civil Procedure, Conduct, Costs, Members Content

The snappily titled “Interim Report: Regulatory review of advice and guidance provided to the profession on the conduct of litigation by approved regulators and regulatory bodies”  from the Legal Services Board is five pages long (including one page spent on…

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