WHEN AN APPLICATION IS OVER – CAN A PARTY MAKE FURTHER WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS? THE ISSUES CONSIDERED
We have seen many cases on this blog where litigants have attempted to use draft judgments to “reopen” the judge’s conclusions. Here we have a warning about attempts to make further written submissions after the hearing has been concluded. (Once…
ADVOCACY IN THE CIVIL COURTS 2025: WEBINAR 23rd OCTOBER 2025
Regular readers of this blog will know that I regularly take you through guides and hints to advocacy, being particularly keen on those articles and comments given by judges. A lot of that will feature in this webinar which aims…
“A KEY TASK OF LITIGATION ADVOCACY IS TO HELP THE COURT TO SEE THE WOOD SAID TO BE CONSTITUTED BY THE TREES”: OVERLENGTHY WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS: PERHAPS ADVOCATES SHOULD TURN OVER A NEW LEAF…
Here we look at judicial comments on the written submissions given after a lengthy trial. The judge’s concern was that their length hampered rather than helped their task. (One suspects it sapped a lot of enjoyment out of their task)…
CIVIL PROCEDURE BACK TO BASICS 105: AN ADVOCATE SHOULD NOT GIVE EVIDENCE (NOR TRY TO SLIP IT INTO A SKELETON ARGUMENT)
This post follows the comments of the judge in a case we looked at last week that “counsel cannot give evidence”. We have seen many examples on this site of judicial criticism that witness evidence is, in fact, commentary, submissions…
IF YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE LONG SKELETON ARGUMENTS – THEN GIVE THE JUDGE AN INDEX OR LIST OF CONTENTS: A CHANCE TO REVIEW CASES, LINKS AND GUIDANCE ON DRAFTING SKELETONS
There are limits on the length of skeleton arguments. These are often exceeded. Here the judge observes that if skeletons are going to be lengthy then the advocates should assist the court by providing an index or list of contents. …
THIS SKELETON ARGUMENT IS FAR TOO LONG, DOES NOT COMPLY WITH THE RULES – AND ISN’T GOING TO BE ADMITTED
In Henderson & Jones Ltd & Ors v Grange Heating Services Ltd & Ors (COSTS) [2024] EWHC 3572 (TCC) Adrian Williamson KC (sitting as a High Court Judge) refused to admit a “skeleton” argument that was too long and did…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW XIII: GUIDANCE ON SKELETON ARGUMENTS: “PUT YOURSELF IN THE POSITION OF THE JUDGE”: “DIFFICULT TO READ, DISGUSTING TO TOUCH AND IMPOSSIBLE TO UNDERSTAND. IT IS WORSE THAN NO SKELETON AT ALL”
This post is another in the series of repeats of the series on advocacy. This blog has many posts that record cases where judges have been critical of the contents (and usually length) of skeleton arguments. A remedy for most…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW XII: BEING PERSUASIVE – SIMPLE IS BEST: “CONVOLUTED ARGUMENTS ARE SLEEPING PILLS ON PAPER”
This post revisits the detailed article by Judge Stephen J. Dwyer, Leonard J. Feldman & Ryan P. McBridet called “How to Write, Edit, and Review Persuasive Briefs: Seven Guidelines from One Judge and Two Lawyers”. Remember the purpose of this…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW XI: ADVOCACY BEFORE THE MASTERS: YOU ARE DEALING WITH EXPERTS AND TIMING IS IMPORTANT
Today we are revisiting an article by Master David Cook “Advocacy before the QB Masters – Some Do’s and Dont’s” and it reminded me why I wrote the original series. These are invaluable sources of advice and information. Appearing before Masters…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW 7: WITNESS STATEMENTS “ACCURACY AND NOT LEGAL ARGUMENT IS THE KEY TO ENSURING A WITNESS STATEMENT IS AS EFFECTIVE AS IT CAN BE”
In terms of preparation of client’s case, and prospects of success, witness statements are crucial. The rules only allow the witness to give additional evidence in exceptional circumstances. Many cases that go to trial are, in essence, about the credibility…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW 5: TO PERSUADE A JUDGE THINK LIKE A JUDGE: TO THE JUDGE YOUR CASE IS A PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED
This series continues the recap of the views from judges around the world and the advice they give to advocates. Here we look at the article from J. Frederic Voros, jr for the Utah State Bar: To Persuade a Judge,…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW 4: “AVOID BULLSHIT, SMOKE AND MIRRORS” (OH AND BEWARE OF “WELL PADDED VANITY”)
Australia and looking at the guidance given by the Hon Chief Justice Pat Keane in his keynote address to the Australian Lawyers Alliance Queensland State Conference in February 2013. (At the moment I cannot find a link to the original…
TRYING TO LODGE ADDITIONAL SUBMISSIONS SIX WEEKS AFTER THE HEARING: SUPREME COURT SAYS NO
There is a short footnote to the judgment of the Supreme Court in Tindall and another (Appellants) v Chief Constable of Thames Valley Police (Respondent) [2024] UKSC 33. It contains a warning to all of those advocates (that is probably…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW: A REPEAT ii: “USEFUL, JUST & CHEAP”: GUIDANCE FROM AUSTRALIA
The post I repeated yesterday on Things Lawyers do to Annoy Judges was, without doubt, when first written one of the most publicised and read posts on this blog. I think it was that post that led to the blog…
WHEN SKELETON ARGUMENTS ARE MEASURED AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE LENGTH OF WAR AND PEACE: IT HINDERS RATHER THAN HELPS YOUR CASE
Following a recent post on the length of skeleton arguments someone kindly sent me a link to the judgment of Commercial Court Judge Adrian Jack in WWRT Ltd -v- Caroson Trading et al, a decision in the Eastern Caribbean Supreme…
ATTEMPTING TO GIVE NEW EVIDENCE WHEN THE ADVOCATE IS MAKING SUBMISSIONS: ANOTHER ISSUE IN THE POST OFFICE CASE
The recent post about the decision in Karimi, R (On the Application Of) v Sheffield City Council [2024] EWHC 93 (Admin), caused me to review another earlier blog post about the Post Office case. It concerned an attempt to introduce new…
SERVING A SKELETON LATE DOES NOT A HAPPY JUDGE MAKE: IT IS A VICE TO SUPPLY MATERIALS LATE IN THE DAY
In Karimi, R (On the Application Of) v Sheffield City Council [2024] EWHC 93 (Admin) Fordham J sent out a reminder to practitioners (and particularly those who draft skeleton arguments) of the need to file skeleton arguments in accordance with…
“SPEAKING NOTES” RARELY WELCOME BY THE COURTS: THE “SPECIAL CIRCLE OF HELL” RESERVED FOR SOME ADVOCATES…
There is an observation made in the final paragraph of the Privy Council judgment in Chang v The Hospital Administrator & Ors (Trinidad and Tobago) [2023] UKPC 44 that relates to “speaking notes”. They were, it seems, not altogether welcome. …
THE CIVIL COURTS ARE “NOT THE WILD WEST”: ATTEMPTS TO INTRODUCE NEW ARGUMENTS ON APPEAL REJECTED: SKELETON ARGUMENT SHOULD HAVE DEALT WITH POINTS THE DEFENDANT NOW WANTED TO ARGUE
We are returning to the judgment of Mr Justice Julian Knowles in Morgan-Rowe v Woodgate [2023] EWHC 2375 (KB). This looks at the judge’s view of attempting to run an argument that was not made at trial (indeed, in part, admitted…
CONCISION AND BREVITY IS BEST: (I’M SAYING THIS AGAIN…): EXAMPLES FROM HOME AND ABROAD
I am mining the back catalogue of this log (that is repeating myself again) to look at a post originally written in August 2016. It looked at judicial complaints about the length of submissions. This was where the judges were…
“IN VIEW OF THE LAMENTABLE WAY IN WHICH BOTH THESE APPLICATIONS HAVE BEEN PREPARED, I DISALLOW ALL COSTS OF TODAY”: JUDGE CRITICAL OF SKELETON ARGUMENTS AND WITNESS STATEMENTS
In Ahmed & Anor v Ahmed [2021] EWHC 1021 (Ch) Mr David Halpern QC (sitting as a Deputy High Court Judge) had much to say in relation to manner in which an application was brought before the court. The skeleton…
DIVIDING FACTS FROM COMMENTS AND SUBMISSIONS: WHY IT MATTERS AND HOW IT CAN HELP YOUR CASE
The judgment is Scottow -v- Crown Prosecution Service [2020] EWHC 3421 (Admin) is of interest for many reasons. This, however, is a blog about procedure. It is worthwhile looking at the comments that the Divisional Court made about the way…
TEN MORE PIECES OF ADVICE FOR THE YOUNG LAWYER: “INCIVILITY IS COUNTERPRODUCTIVE”: “BE BRIEF”; “DON’T CRUMBLE”
I am using this week to look back a previous series where guidance was given, primarily by judges, to young advocates. There are links here to the original posts, and sources for the posts. Here we look at the second…
THE COLLECTIVE NAME FOR HAND UPS: A “BLIZZARD”OR “HARASSMENT”? WHY IS IT JUDGES LIKE BREVITY SO MUCH?
In his speech to the Peter Taylor memorial lecture “Complexity and Obscurity in the Law, and how we might mitigate them.” Lord Justice Irwin observed “there is a special ring in hell for the advocate who stands up at 10:31…
COVID REPEATS 19: THOSE ADVOCATES WHO ARE GOING TO HELL (AND NOT BECAUSE THEY ARE THE DEVIL’S ADVOCATES)
Some advocates are going to hell. This may seem obvious, but the details were fleshed out by Lord Justice Irwin when giving a talk to the Professional Negligence Bar Association on the 17th April 2018 . It is possible to…
COVID REPEATS 12: THINGS LAWYERS DO TO ANNOY JUDGES: “EVERY PIECE OF PAPER THAT LEAVES YOUR OFFICE IS AN ADVERTISEMENT FOR YOU AND YOUR LAW FIRM”
Here we are looking again at the advice given by the Canadian judge Mr Justice Joseph W. Quinn A Judge’s View: Things Lawyers Do to Annoy Judges; Things They Do to Impress Judges“.* This whole talk is worth reading, for…
ADVOCATES, ROAD MAPS AND DEPARTING FROM THE STRUCTURE OF WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS
There is an interesting passage in the judgment of Turner J in Court Enforcement Services Ltd v Burlington Credit Ltd [2019] EWHC 1920 (QB) relating to written submissions and advocacy. “… there appears to me to be a growing trend…
HOW TO DRAFT A SKELETON ARGUMENT: GUIDANCE AND LINKS REVISITED
A simple search term arrived on the blog today “How do I draft a skeleton argument?” I wondered what level of practitioner would google this, however someone pointed out this has all the flavour of a desperate litigant in person…
ADVOCACY: THE JUDGE’S VIEW: SERIES 3: PART 9: “DON’T BITCHSLAP YOUR OPPONENT”: GUIDANCE FROM A CRANKY JUDGE
Here we are going to the USA and looking at guidance given by Federal Judge Richard G Kopf in his blog Hercules and the Umpire. As every the aim here is to get you to read the original (follow the…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW SERIES 3: PART 8: BREVITY
In this post I am encouraging you to read the speech of Lady Justice Rafferty to the Criminal Law Review Conference earlier this month. Much of the speech concerns issues in criminal law. However one passage is, in essence, about…
SKELETON ARGUMENTS: A ROUND UP: GUIDANCE ON DRAFTING: JUDICIAL COMPLAINTS (& THERE ARE PLENTY): EXAMPLES ONLINE & SANCTIONS FOR LATE SERVICE
Recent online discussions about skeleton arguments started with a search term that led to this blog “how long should a skeleton argument be?” This was probably a good time to provide a review highlighting all the posts about skeleton arguments…
FIFTH BIRTHDAY REVIEW 5: THE JUDGE’S GUIDE TO ADVOCACY SERIES: TWO AND A HALF DONE
There are two completed series on judge’s guide to advocacy – and we are part way through the third. There is still plenty of material available and I wouldn’t be surprised if there is a fourth series. Advice has been…
ADVOCACY: THE JUDGE’S VIEW SERIES 2 PART 10: EDITED HIGHLIGHTS: AROUND THE WORLD IN 147 DAYS
I never planned to write a second series on advice from judges on advocacy. It started with an article from Master Cook and developed from there.This led us to garner advice from judges around the world. Here are the edited…
ADVOCACY THE JUDGE’S VIEW: SERIES 2 PART 8: EFFECTIVE WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS: “FIRST IMPRESSIONS COUNT” & THE “CHUNKIFICATION” OF ARGUMENTS
This series certainly takes us around the globe. Here I am looking at a paper written by Justice Susan Glazebrook, a judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand. Her paper on “Effective written submissions” written in 2014. As always…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW, SERIES 2 PART 7: HOW TO WIN YOUR CASE: GUIDANCE FROM SCOTLAND
This series looks at guidance on advocacy given by judges. We have looked at advice given from judges around the globe. Today we go to Scotland. The Lord President’s address to the Faculty of Advocates in an event to mark…
THE SHORTER TRIAL SCHEME: PROCEDURAL WRANGLING AND PROBLEMATIC EXPERT EVIDENCE: IT CAN’T BE BRUSHED ASIDE
In the judgment today in L’Oréal Société Anonyme RN Ventures Ltd [2018] EWHC 173 (Pat) Mr Justice Henry Carr set out his concerns on aspects of the procedure and expert evidence before the court. The judgment contains some lessons for litigators…
HAS THE WITNESS FOR THE OTHER SIDE WRITTEN A BOOK? THAT IS AN INTERESTING QUESTION: RESEARCHING AN EXPERT BEFORE THEY GIVE EVIDENCE
I have lost track of the number of interlocutory judgments there have been in the case of Kimathi & Ors v Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The latest judgment being at [2017] EWHC 3054 (QB). This judgment deals with the issue…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW, SERIES 2 PART 3: SKELETON ARGUMENTS, PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION: AN ABSOLUTE GOLDMINE
This blog has many posts that record cases where judges have been critical of the contents (and usually length) of skeleton arguments. A remedy for most of these issues has been available since 2004. Gray’s Inn prepared a paper “Skeleton…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW: SERIES 2, PART 2: BEING PERSUASIVE: “CONVOLUTED ARGUMENTS ARE SLEEPING PILLS ON PAPER”
The second post in this series takes us to Washington. A detailed article by Judge Stephen J. Dwyer, Leonard J. Feldman & Ryan P. McBridet called “How to Write, Edit, and Review Persuasive Briefs: Seven Guidelines from One Judge and Two…
THIS IS A LOT OF MATERIAL FOLKS: ALL THIS INDUSTRY MAY NOT BE TO POINT: SEEING THE WOOD FOR THE TREES
In Miley v Friends Life Ltd [2017] EWHC 2415 (QB) Mr Justice Turner made some observations in relation to the volume of documentation and the subsequent judgment. It is important, he said, for a judge to keep sight of the wood…
COUNSEL’S OPINION OF NO VALUE AT ALL: (ON THIS OCCASION ANYWAY)
I am returning for the fourth time (and still not the last time) to the decision of Mr Justice Fraser in Imperial Chemical Industries Limited -v- Merit Merrell Technology Limited [2017] EWHC 1763 (TCC). The parties had exchanged written opinions of leading counsel…
BOOKS ABOUT ADVOCACY: MUNKMAN ON THE TECHNIQUE OF ADVOCACY
Every litigator is an advocate, whether they know it or not. Litigation is fundamentally about the art of persuasion. This is a litigator’s daily task: in correspondence, on the phone, with the court. This is best done by the careful…
"UNNECESSARY, UNHELPFUL & UNACCEPTABLE" : OVER-LONG SKELETON ARGUMENTS – AGAIN.
There have been a series of judgments in the civil courts, notably from Jackson L.J., commenting on the length of skeleton arguments. The criminal courts are not immune. In R -v- Brandford [2016] EWCA Crim 1749 the Court of Appeal…
ADVOCACY: THE JUDGE’S VIEW X: 10 KEY POINTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD
This is the last in the series of Advocacy the Judge’s view. We have looked at advice given by judges from around the world. Here I select a key point from each. 1. ADVICE FROM CANADA – MANNERS MATTER It…
TOO LATE AND TOO LONG: OCEANS APART BUT TWO JUDGES HAVE THE SAME VIEW ON LAWYERS' LATE & LENGTHY SUBMISSIONS
Some parts of the legal profession do not have a reputation for concision. It is interesting to see similar observations coming from two judges, in two very different jurisdictions, on the same day. “Sly lawyers take advantage of this institutional…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW IV: "AVOID BULLSHIT, SMOKE AND MIRRORS" (OH AND BEWARE OF "WELL PADDED VANITY")
In the fourth in this series we are returning to Australia and looking at the guidance given by the Hon Chief Justice Pat Keane in his keynote address to the Australian Lawyers Alliance Queensland State Conference in February 2013. Remember…
ADVOCACY – THE JUDGE’S VIEW II: "USEFUL","JUST & CHEAP": GUIDANCE FROM DOWN UNDER
The post earlier this week on Things Lawyers do to Annoy Judges was, without doubt, one of the most publicised and read posts on this blog. However it also opened up a rich train of enquiry: what do judges write…
THINGS LAWYERS DO TO ANNOY JUDGES: EDITED HIGHLIGHTS
Regular readers of this blog will be familiar with the judgment of Mr Justice Joseph W. Quinn in the case of The Hearing Clinic (Niagara Falls) -v- Ontario Ltd, 2014 ONAC 5831 where he was more than blunt in his…
WRITTEN ADVOCACY: CANDOUR & CONCISION ESSENTIAL GUIDANCE FROM CANADA
One of the advantages of writing a blog is that you can point out useful posts and articles. Anyone involved in legal argument benefit the guidance by John L Laskin J.A. in Forget the Wind-Up and Make the Pitch Some…
DEFECTIVE WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS: ANOTHER VIEW FROM THE BENCH (USA STYLE)
I have written before about written advocacy and given examples of robust approaches from American judges. There is a site devoted to good legal writing. It gives an example of a judge who pulls no punches. A SECRET PACT TO…
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