RELIABILITY OF WITNESS EVIDENCE: HONESTY IS NOT THE SAME AS RELIABILITY
In Sloper -v- Lloyds Bank Plc [2016] EWHC 483 Mr Justice Spencer had to consider issues relating to the reliability of witnesses. “I must emphasise at the outset of my analysis of the evidence that I am quite sure that…
WITNESS EVIDENCE, RECOLLECTION,RECONSTRUCTION AND CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE
There were eighteen (factual and expert) witnesses in the trial in Dr Sido John -v- Central Manchester and Manchester Children’s Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [2015] EWHC 407 (QB). However, ultimately, the case on liability rested rested on which lay witness…
WITNESS EVIDENCE: MEDICAL NOTES AND CREDIBILITY
There have been several cases this week where a clinical negligence claim rested, ultimately, on whether or not a judge accepted a doctor’s account of what was said. In Lillington -v- Ansell & Jennison [2016] EWHC 351 (QB) Mr Justice…
A SPLIT TRIAL ON A PRELIMINARY ISSUE: ANOTHER CAUTIONARY TALE
A post earlier this month looked at the dangers of a court ordering a trial on a preliminary issue on a point of law. Similar concerns were raised by Mr Justice Edwards-Stuart in Water Lilly Co Ltd -v- Clin [2016] EWHC…
WITNESSES, TRIALS AND ACCURACY OF RECOLLECTION: ANOTHER EXAMPLE
In XYZ -v- Warrington & Halton NHS Foundation Trust [2016] EWHC 331 (QB) Mr Justice Dove considered a trial where the outcome, as so often, depended on the accuracy of recollection. THE CASE The claimant brought an action in…
WITNESS STATEMENTS: THE CHANCERY GUIDE: SOMETHING FOR US ALL
Such is the remarkable ability of the Chancery Division that the latest guide (dated March 2016) is already available. I have said many times that the Chancery Guide has much to offer all civil practitioners. Here I want to look…
ANOTHER ASSESSMENT OF WITNESS CREDIBILITY
A regular theme of this blog has been how important witness credibility is to the outcome of many civil actions. The assessment of credibility is often one of the key tasks of the trial judge at. It is an issue…
A QUICK WORD ON WITNESS CREDIBILITY: WHAT THE BUTLER SAID
In Burrell -v- Clifford [2016] EWHC 249 (Ch) Richard Spearman QC (sitting as a Deputy Judge of the Chancery Division) had to assess the credibility of two litigants. It provides an interesting insight into the judicial scrutiny of witness evidence….
PROVING THINGS 10: "HE SAID, SHE SAID": THE DIFFICULTIES OF RECOLLECTION
In Jaciubek -v- Gulati [2016] EWHC 269 (QB) Mr Justice Foskett faced a familiar problem of matching up recollection evidence with (incomplete) medical notes. There are important practical points relating to the accuracy of recollection and the judicial scrutiny of…
PROVING THINGS 8: DEFENDANT MUST PROVE THAT FAILURE TO WEAR A SEATBELT MADE A DIFFERENCE
The defendant bears the burden not only of proving contributory negligence but also establishing its causative relevance. The law in Syred -v- Powszecnny Zaklad Ubezpieczen (PZU) SA [2016] EWHC 254 (QB) (Mr Justice Soole) was complex, however one key point…
PROVING THINGS 7: IF YOU DON'T PROVE A LOSS YOU DON'T GET AN ORDER: DIRECTORS DON'T HAVE TO CONTRIBUTE
This occasional series on the need to prove matters by evidence has covered a wide range of cases. Today we consider company law and insolvency. In Grant -v-Ralls [2016] EWHC 243 (Ch) Mr Justice Snowden rejected a claim by liquidators…
THIS IS A SORRY TALE OF WOE:SPECULATIVE SKELETON ARGUMENTS ARE OF NO ASSISTANCE
In Lokhova -v- Tymula [2016] EWHC 225(QB) Mr Justice Dingemans set out a sorry tale of procedural issues in relation to applications in a defamation action. There are important observations in relation to co-operation; service of witness evidence and the…
PROVING THINGS 5: WITNESS STATEMENTS AND FAILING ON CAUSATION
The judgment of the Court of Appeal in Abdel-Khalek -v- Qazi Ali [2016] EWCA Civ 80 demonstrates both the difficulties of compounding lay and “expert” evidence and how a case can fail on causation. KEY POINTS The burden was on…
PROVING THINGS 4: WITNESSES WHO JUST AREN'T THERE
We have looked at three recent cases where there was simply not the evidence at court to prove the case. In Caliendo -v- Mischon De Reya [2016] EWHC 150 (Ch) there is a whole section of the judgment devoted to…
THE JUDGE MUST GIVE REASONS FOR ADVERSE FINDINGS (PLUS A QUICK LOOK AT ALLEGED BIAS)
The previous post looked at a Court of Appeal decision where a judgment at first instance was set aside because of a failure to give reasons for disbelieving solicitors. Similar principles applied in the case of The Gulf Agencies Limited…
SERVICE OF PROCEEDINGS WHEN THEY ARE PUT IN THE BIN: A HIGH COURT DECISION
In Morby -v- Gate Gourmet Luxembourg IV SARL [2016] EWHC 74 (Ch) Edward Murray (sitting as a Deputy Judge of the Chancery Division) considered an issue relating to personal service. “If facts are in dispute, absent special situations, it would…
WITNESS CREDIBILITY, ATTENDANCE NOTES AND FINDINGS OF FACT
In Mansion Estates Ltd -v- Hayre & Co (A Firm) [2016] EWHC 96 (Ch) His Honour Judge Saffman (sitting as a judge of the High Court) went, carefully, through the principles relating to witness credibility and findings of fact. Given…
EVIDENCE, PROOF AND DOCUMENTS: MEDICAL RECORDS NOT DEFINITIVE OF CONDITION
The judgment of Mrs Justice Patterson DBE in Hunt -v- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust [2016] EWHC 47 (QB) is one where the claimant succeeded in establishing negligence on the part of the defendant Trust. However there is an interesting…
WITNESSES: PERSONAL ATTENDANCE, VIDEO LINKS AND DEPOSITIONS
In another decision in the Kimathi -v- Foreign and Commonwealth Office [2015] EWHC 3684 (QB) case Mr Justice Stewart considered the question of whether witnesses should attend court, use video link or whether depositions should be taken. “the general rule…
INADEQUATE WITNESS STATEMENTS, A "CULTURE OF NON-COMPLIANCE" AND THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR JUSTICE
The decision of District Judge Hickman in the small claims case of Thakar -v- The Secretary of State for Justice [2015] EW Misc B44 is one that is likely to attract a lot of attention given that it was a…
USING WITNESS STATEMENTS PREPARED IN ANOTHER ACTION: WHEN IS A "HEARING HELD IN PUBLIC"
CPR 32.12 prevents witness statements served in an action being used for any other purpose. However there is an exception when a statement is “put in evidence at a hearing held in public”. This issue was considered in Kimathi -v- Foreign…
WITNESS EVIDENCE AND CONTEMPORARY DOCUMENTS: THE RECORDS MAY NOT BE RIGHT
This blog has looked, many times, at the issue of witness credibility and the various criteria that judges use when assessing evidence. This issue was to the fore in the Court of Appeal judgment yesterday in Synclair -v- East Lancashire…
"TOTALLY HOPELESS" APPLICATION FOR DISCLOSURE;INADEQUATE WITNESS STATEMENTS;APPLICATION FOR EXTENSION REFUSED:ALL LEGAL LIFE IS HERE
The judgment of Mr Justice Edwards-Stuart in London Borough of Bromley -v- Heckel [2015] EWHC encompasses many of the themes regularly discussed in this blog. Proceedings were issued late;there was an inappropriate application for disclosure;the witness evidence was inadequate. Finally…
PERSONAL INJURY LITIGANTS, LAWYERS & SOCIAL MEDIA
Social media is coming to play an increasingly important part in personal injury litigation. It is worthwhile taking a look at developments and the lawyer’s duties. There is no doubt at all that the close scrutiny of social media accounts…
THE YEO CASE: WITNESS EVIDENCE & CREDIBILITY: THERE'S A HOOK HERE SOMEWHERE
The decision of Mr Justice Warby in Yeo -v- Times Newspapers Limited [2015] EWHC 3375 (QB) is one of those cases that, obviously, will be of wider interest. It contains much of interest in relation to an analysis of the…
GOOD BUNDLES, GOOD ADVOCACY, POOR WITNESS STATEMENTS
The final paragraph of the judgment of HH Judge Behrens in Royal National Institute for Deaf People -v- Turner [2015] EWHC 3301 Ch speaks volumes. I will allow it to speak for itself. “I cannot leave this case without…
"THAT PART OF MY WITNESS STATEMENT IS NOT TRUE": NEVER A GREAT START TO A CASE
In Monks -v- National Westminster Bank PLC [2015] EWHC 2310 (Ch) HH Judge Simon Baker (QC)(sitting as a judge of the High Court) had some acute observations about the witness statements and witness evidence adduced by the defendant bank. “…it…
PROPORTIONALITY AND SURVIVAL FOR LITIGATORS 4: CLAIM ONLY WHAT YOU CAN PROVE
Proportionality is, mostly, about money. The problems that proportionality causes increase in those cases where the sums recovered are much less than those originally sought. The over-claiming of damages is a dangerous tactic for many reasons. Not least it…
WITNESS EVIDENCE & THE BURDEN OF PROOF: A CIVIL TRIAL IS NOT A SEARCH FOR THE ABSOLUTE TRUTH: FOOTBALLERS ON TRIAL
Anyone looking for a detailed consideration of the law relating to witness evidence and the burden of proof can find it in the judgment of His Honour Judge Butler (sitting as a High Court judge) in GB -v- Stoke City…
LATE APPLICATIONS TO ADJOURN: ABSENT WITNESSES AND CPR 33.4 WHEN A WITNESS IS UNWILLING TO ATTEND
Mrs Justice Whipple had to consider several preliminary applications in the case of American Express Services Europe Ltd -v- Al-Shabrakah [2015] EWHC 3004 (QB). There are several important observations in relation to applications to adjourn and witness evidence where a…
BIAS IN COURT AND WITNESS EVIDENCE: HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT NOTE: CREDIBILITY AND WITNESSES IN THE CIVIL COURTS
The Houses of Parliament have produced a note on Unintentional Bias in Court which deals with the issue of how assumptions, stereotypes and “contextual information” can influence judgement unintentionally. The note concentrates upon the impact in criminal proceedings. However it is…
WITNESS STATEMENT TOO SHORT; SKELETON ARGUMENT TOO LONG AND THE JUDGE WAS NOT NOT PERVERSE
In Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust -v- Evans [2015] EWCA Civ 1059 the Court of Appeal rejected an appeal by the defendant against a finding of liability. There are important observations in relation to procedure which merit examination. In…
WITNESS TRAINING: BLUNTS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIAL AND IS RELEVANT TO AN ASSESSMENT OF CREDIBILITY
Issues relating to “witness training” are bound to be controversial. The advocates of witness training (often, surprisingly, those who provide the training) state it is a good thing. However it is clear that trial judges often have their reservations as…
WITNESS STATEMENTS & SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND BELIEF: 10 KEY POINTS
We looked in an earlier post at the case of Ali -v- CIS General Insurance (29/7/2015) where a claimant’s action was struck out because of failure to give disclosure. However there was a passing comment in the judgment which demonstrated…
WHEN A WITNESS SAYS DIFFERENT THINGS IN DIFFERENT WITNESS STATEMENTS: DON'T BANK ON WINNING
In Worthing -v- Lloyd’s Bank PLC [2015] EWHC 2836 (QB) His Honour Judge Keyser Q.C. considered an allegation of negligence against a bank for giving poor investment advice. However the analysis of the evidence is of most interest to…
MUDSLINGING IN WITNESS STATEMENTS CAN BACKFIRE: BUNDLES OF IRRELEVANT DOCUMENTS COUPLED WITH IRRELEVANT AND INADMISSIBLE WITNESS STATEMENTS: A FAMILIAR TALE?
The case of Mohidin -v- The Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis [2015] EWHC 2740 (QB) will, no doubt, be looked at in detail for its implications for claims against the police. The case also contains interesting observations about similar…
WITNESS CREDIBILITY WHEN BOTH SIDES ARE NOT WHOLLY TRUTHFUL: THE APPROPRIATE APPROACH
This blog has looked, many times, at the approach that the courts take in relation to conflicting witness evidence. Particular problems arise when both sides are being less than truthful. Many of these principles involved have developed out of hard…
SILENCE ON KEY ISSUES DOES NOT PROVE YOUR CASE: SQUARING UP TO WITNESS EVIDENCE
The judgment of Recorder Halpern QC in Canada Square Operations Ltd -v- Kinleigh Folkard & Hayward Limited (17/09/15)* is interesting for a number of reasons. Firstly on issues of limitation; secondly on the point that a court will not infer…
"DOCUMENTS WIN CASES"E-DISCLOSURE AND EVIDENCE FOR THE 21st CENTURY LITIGATOR: LEEDS 20th OCTOBER; LONDON 22nd OCTOBER
There is a panel session on e-disclosure and evidence in central Leeds on the 20th October and again in Lincoln’s Inn on the 22nd October. Both start at 4.00 pm and last two hours. LIVE AT LEEDS The session in…
WHOSE WITNESS STATEMENT IS IT ANYWAY? WELL THE SOLICITOR DRAFTED IT FOR ME
The judgment of Mr Justice Blair in Barrett -v- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust [2015] EWHC 2627 (QB) deals with many complex issues of causation and law in a difficult clinical negligence case. However I want to deal…
THE WITNESS WHO KNOWS NOTHING AND WANTS TO BE AN EXPERT: A REVIEW OF THE CASES
There are a surprising number of witness statements in which witnesses quite happy give “evidence” on matters on which they in fact know nothing. Some will even add to their “evidence” by assisting the court with matters of opinion. An…
MORE ABOUT WITNESS STATEMENTS AND CONTEMPORARY EVIDENCE: THE RULE OF RECENT FABRICATION
The post on the decision in Bartlett -v- The English Cricket Board Association of Cricket Officials 2015 WL 5037730 led to an interesting comment. However that comment, in itself, leads to further interesting questions about the use of witness statements….
WITNESS STATEMENTS: WITNESS EVIDENCE: LETTERS BEFORE ACTION: CREDIBILITY AND…. CRICKET
The judgment of His Honour Judge Lopez in Bartlett -v- The English Cricket Board Association of Cricket Officials 2015 WL 5037730 has some interesting lessons in relation to the treatment of witness evidence. In particular what happens when the claimant’s…
THE LYING WITNESS: THE APPROACH OF THE CIVIL COURTS
Mr Justice Smith has observed that “witnesses can regularly lie”. How do lies impact upon the judge’s assessment of that witness and the case generally. Further problems occur when both parties are lying. Here we look at some of the important judgments…
ASKING LEADING QUESTIONS AND WITNESS STATEMENTS: THIS IS GOING TO END BADLY: EIGHT CRUCIAL POINTS ON EVIDENCE (& THEN 10 MORE)
I am returning to the judgment of Mr Justice Jay in Susan Saunderson & Others -v- Sonae Industria (UK) Ltd [2015] EWCA 2264 (QB). Among other things this case emphasises the dangers of leading questions when interviewing witnesses. There are dangers…
THE EFFECT OF QOCS ON LITIGATION: HERE'S THE THING: CASES WILL BE FOUGHT ON THEIR MERITS
There has been much debate about the impact of QOCS on litigation. To date much of this has, inevitably, been speculative. However it is worthwhile reading George Riley’s article, Fundamental dishonesty and litigation in the post-Jackson landscape. This shows, honestly…
WITNESSES WHO DID NOT DRAFT (OR UNDERSTAND) THEIR STATEMENTS, WOULD BE "EXPERTS" AND OTHER WITNESS WOES.
Hot on the heels of my posing the question whether 278 years of judicial prompting on witness statements had led to any results comes the decision today of Mr Justice Andrew Smith in Michael Norcross -v- The Estate of Christos…
WITNESS STATEMENTS AND EVIDENCE: AFTER 278 YEARS OF JUDICIAL PROMPTING HAVE PRACTITIONERS GOT THE MESSAGE?
Often (once a month or so but sometimes more frequently) this blog considers a case where the judge has been critical of the witness evidence in written form. Often because the evidence is irrelevant, argumentative and consists of submissions. This…
PSYCHOBABBLE IN WITNESS STATEMENTS: STRONG VIEWS FROM THE FAMILY COURT
This blog has looked many times at the perils of giving “opinion” evidence in witness statements. A particularly stark example can by found in the judgment of Ms Justice Russell in re W [2015] EWHC 2039 (Fam). Another case that…
EXPERT EVIDENCE IN INSURANCE CASES 2: BRIT UW LIMITED: FAILURE TO DISCLOSE UNDERMINED DEFENDANT'S CASE
There are, coincidentally, two recent cases on the use of expert witnesses in insurance disputes. In Brit UW Limited -v- F & B Trenchless Solutions Limited [2015] EWHC 2237 (Comm) Mrs Justice Carr DBE considered the utility of expert evidence…
