DURRANT CASE BACK IN THE REPORTS: WHAT PRESUMPTIONS SHOULD A JUDGE DRAW WHEN A PARTY IS DEBARRED FROM CALLING WITNESSES?
The case of Durrant -v- Chief Constable of Avon & Somerset Constabulary [2013] EWCA Civ 1264 was well known as one of the first reports on sanctions. The defendant police authority was debarred from calling witness evidence as a result…
COSTS BUDGETING: CONDUCT, INDEMNITY COSTS AND PAYMENT ON ACCOUNT: KELLIE -v- WHEATLEY CONSIDERED
We looked at the decision in Kellie & Kellie -v- Wheatley & Lloyd Architects Ltd[2014] EWHC 2866(TCC) yesterday in the context of drafting witness statements. The judgment is equally interesting on the issue of costs and costs budgeting. There is an…
A WORKING EXAMPLE OF THE DANGERS OF NOT TAKING A FULL WITNESS STATEMENT: DISASTER CAN STRIKE
The decision of Judge Keyser Q.C. In Kellie & Kellie -v- Wheatley & Lloyd Architects Ltd [2014] EWHC 2866(TCC) gives a working example of the dangers of not taking a full witness statement and exploring issues of importance with a…
PROTOCOL FOR THE INSTRUCTION OF EXPERTS: THE NEW BITS
There has been much coverage of the forthcoming changes to the guidance for the instruction of experts in civil claims. There have been several additions which impose specific duties upon solicitors. SOLICITOR MUST MAKE POSITION CLEAR IF FURTHER DOCUMENTS ARE…
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS: GUIDANCE FROM DOWN UNDER
Recent posts have given rise to a international tour searching out guidance for the preparation and drafting of witness statements. We have been to Scotland, and to the East, and now we arrive in Australia where the Western Australian Bar…
WITNESS STATEMENTS AND COMPLYING WITH THE RULES: WHY WITNESS STATEMENTS CAN COME TO GRIEF
The case of Kaupthing Singer & Friedlander Ltd (in administration) v. UBS AG [2014] EWHC 2450 (Comm) contains yet another example of the very real dangers of using a witness statement to argue a case. It is usually unhelpful and often…
WITNESS STATEMENTS; WITNESSES; EVIDENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY: GUIDANCE FROM THE EAST
The post yesterday looked at guidance on taking witness statements from Scottish Judges. Here we look at a real gem of an article by Ula Cartwright-Finch and Alex Waksman of Herbert Smith Freehills on the accuracy of witness statements and…
THE PROCESS OF TAKING WITNESS STATEMENTS: GUIDANCE FROM ACROSS THE BORDER
There is relatively little guidance to litigators on the process of taking witness statements. What are appropriate questions and, to what extent, can the witness be “guided” by the lawyer. These are difficult and sensitive topics which have been considered…
CIVIL EVIDENCE AND WITNESS STATEMENTS – HERE’S THE CATCH: THE JUDGE CAN ACCEPT SOME OF THE EVIDENCE SOME OF THE TIME
There have been several posts on this blog in relation to witness evidence and witness credibility. One important point to note is that a judge is entitled to find that a witness is correct on some matters and not on…
MORE ABOUT TRIAL BUNDLES: MOST OF THE STUFF IN THEM IS USELESS (APPARENTLY)
The decision discussed earlier today of Dowdall -v- William Kenyon & Sons Ltd [2014] EWHC 2822 (QB) contained an interesting observation that I wanted to deal with separately. It concerns the “usefulness” of trial bundles. OBSERVATIONS ON THE BUNDLES The Claimant has…
CIVIL EVIDENCE: WITNESS STATEMENTS: PROVING THE EXISTENCE OF AN ORAL CONTRACT
I have written before about witness evidence and the difficulties in establishing matters without the benefit of corroboration. The case of Brogden & Reid -v- Investec Bank Ltd [2014] EWHC 2785 (Comm) reported today illustrates this problem. THE ISSUES: WAS THERE AN…
PRINCIPLES OF MITIGATION OF LOSS & THE CREDIBILITY OF EXPERT WITNESSES: A HIGH COURT DECISION CONSIDERED
The case of Hirtenstein -v- Hill Dickinson LLP [2014] EWHC 2711 (Comm) where judgment was given today contains many interesting lessons for those involved in professional negligence litigation in particular. Here I just want to concentrate upon two: (i)…
BUNDLES, APPEALS AND THE ART OF ADVOCACY: ARE POOR BUNDLES LETTING DOWN YOUR CASE?
The recent post on Caldero Trading -v- Leibson [2014] EWCA Civ 935 included the Court of Appeal’s criticism of the voluminous bundles prepared in that case. The trial bundle is often neglected as a tool for advocacy. THIS DOES MEAN THAT A…
WITNESS STATEMENTS ARE FOR FACTS: KNOWING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EVIDENCE AND SUBMISSIONS (AND WHY IT MATTERS)
The recent Leeds Law Society Civil Litigation event reminded me of a similar meeting with judges over 25 years ago. The Registrars (District Judges) gave a talk to local articled clerks (trainee solicitors). There was a basic message delivered in…
INSTRUCTING EXPERT WITNESSES: VIEWS FROM "ACROSS THE POND"
Instructing expert witnesses is an important step in many actions. The advantages, and problems, caused by experts are well known. It is clear that the issues are international. A recent article in the American Journal “The Lawyerist” contains some interesting…
GIVING EVIDENCE CAN BE A GRIZZLY BUSINESS: HOW DO THE COURTS ASSESS WHOSE ACCOUNT IS CORRECT?
In Grizzly Business Ltd -v- Stena Drilling Ltd [2014] EWHC 1920 (Comm) a judge had to decide between two competing versions of what was said in a telephone call three years earlier in a case when $2.5 million was at…
EXPERT EVIDENCE: THE EXPERT’S ROLE: SEEING THE WOOD FOR THE TREES
A recent post dealt with the cross-examination of expert witnesses. It is interesting, in some cases, to look at how judged view expert evidence in practice. A good example arises in the judgment of Mr Justice Coulson in Stagecoach Great…
CROSS-EXAMINING EXPERT WITNESSES: HINTS, TIPS AND LINKS
The impartiality, or otherwise, of expert witness witnesses is in the news today. This would seem an appropriate time to look at the cross-examination of expert witnesses, particularly in the context of civil litigation. THE ROLE OF THE EXPERT IN…
AVOIDING UNDER SETTLEMENT 1: CLAIMS FOR LOSS OF EARNINGS (1)
The curious thing about writing about avoiding under settlement is that there is very little material on the subject, particularly in the U.K. There are now plenty of websites which offer to sue your previous lawyer if you are not…
PROVING SOMETHING HAS BEEN POSTED: SWEAR IT TO BE TRUE
I initially read the Court of Appeal decision of Price -v- Price [2014[ EWCA] Civ with interest because it showed that the old CPR 3.9 still applied in family proceedings. However Jon Williams pointed out that the case has an…
"ESSENTIAL CHECKLISTS": THE COMPLETE LIST
The “Essential Checklist” series developed out of a workshop series in a course I gave last month. Six groups produced six checklists. Here is a link to them all. SERVICE OF PROCEEDINGS: (“SERVICE WITH A SMILE”) Essential points before the…
WITNESS STATEMENTS: THE PREQUEL TO THE "ESSENTIAL CHECKLIST"
As part of the “Essential Checklist” series a group considered the issues relating to witness statements. Prior to the checklist it is worth reviewing some of the essential issues relating to the service and preparation of witness statements. THE ISSUES…
THE CONSEQUENCES OF CHARTWELL 3: THE "LITIGATOR'S DILEMMA": DO YOU TAKE THE "MITCHELL" POINT?
This is the third in the series examining the practical consequences of the Chartwell decision. The first post looked at the importance of serving witness statements on time, the second at the effect on the criteria for reinstatement. Here we…
THE CONSEQUENCES OF CHARTWELL 1: JUST DON'T EVER SERVE WITNESS STATEMENTS LATE
It is highly dangerous for litigators to view the decision of the Court of Appeal in Chartwell -v- Fergies as any kind of step away from the Mitchell principles. The case has already been outlined in detail in an earlier post….
THE DANGERS OF LETTING WITNESSES GIVE THEIR OPINIONS: IT HINDERS RATHER THAN HELPS YOUR CASE
A post yesterday reviewed the comments on witness statements made in the Jackson Report. One major criticism was that witness statements were being used to advance matters of opinion and not fact. A case decided yesterday exemplifies that problem. It…
WHAT THE JACKSON REPORT SAID 4: PROBLEMS WITH WITNESS STATEMENTS: LENGTHY, IRRELEVANT AND RAMBLING
The Jackson Reforms made only minor amendments to the rules relating to witness statements. However the Reports, particularly the Preliminary Report, disclosed a real issue in relation to over-extensive report. THE “TWO NATIONS” OF WITNESS STATEMENTS The preliminary report demonstrated…
MITCHELL CASE IN THE NEWS AGAIN: THIS TIME ON NON-PARTY DISCLOSURE
Despite the costs order upheld by the Court of Appeal the Mitchell libel action continues. There is a report of a decision today by Tugendhat in relation to an application for disclosure [2014] EWHC 879 (QB). It concerned an…
WAIVING PRIVILEGE BY MENTIONING LEGAL ADVICE IN A WITNESS STATEMENT: A CASE IN POINT
A case reported on Lawtel this morning demonstrates the dangers of referring to legal advice in witness statements. The decision of Males J in Mid-East Sales -v- Engineering & Trading Co [2014] EWHC 892 (Comm) was made on 14/03/2004. THE…
USE OF EXTERNAL REPORTS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS: HOYLE -v- ROGERS CONSIDERED
Can a party rely on an external report that contains opinion evidence? The Court of Appeal considered this question in a case reported today Hoyle -v- Rogers[2014] EWCA Civ 257. Important distinctions have to be drawn between admissibility and weight…
EXCLUDING WITNESSES FROM COURT IN CIVIL AND FAMILY HEARINGS: THE APPROPRIATE APPROACH: LUCKWELL V LIMATA CONSIDERED
In civil proceedings witnesses are commonly present throughout the entire action. On occasions a request is made that witnesses be excluded. There is little authority for the proposition that a court can exclude witnesses or guidance as to how the…
RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS GRANTED FOLLOWING LATE SERVICE OF WITNESS STATEMENTS: CHARTWELL MAY BODE WELL IN SOME CASES
The case of Chartwell Estate Agents –v- Fergies Properties Ltd (QBD Globe J 18/02/2014) is reported in brief on Lawtel this morning. It is an example of the court granting relief from sanctions following late service of witness statements. This…
PLEADINGS: ARE THEY STILL IMPORTANT? THREE RECENT CASES REVIEWED
There has yet to be a definitive review of the principles relating to pleadings under the Civil Procedure Rules. Here we look at some recent cases where the Court of Appeal has considered the importance of pleadings. Skrzynski –v- Metropolitan…
SURVIVING MITCHELL 6: "YOU GOTTA HAVE A PLAN": BE READY FOR TRIAL THE DAY YOU ISSUE
The unforgiving nature of the Mitchell decision means that litigators have to be certain that they will be able to comply with any directions that the court orders. In effect this means that a claimant has to be ready for…
HAVE YOU COMPLIED WITH AN ORDER FOR DISCLOSURE? THE APPROPRIATE TEST: AN OBJECT LESSON ON LITIGATION TACTICS IN A POST-MITCHELL WORLD
With relief from sanctions being notoriously hard to obtain the question of whether a party has complied with an order, particularly an unless order, is now of critical importance. In Dinsdale Moorland Services Ltd –v- Evans 2014] EWHC 2 (Ch)…
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS : THE QUESTIONS YOU ASK WILL DETERMINE THE ANSWERS YOU GET: EIGHT CRUCIAL POINTS ON EVIDENCE
Earlier posts on witness statements have dealt with the manner of drafting and presentation. However one overlooked aspect is the way that witnesses are questioned. The questions asked, and the way questions are asked, will determine the evidence that goes…
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRIAL BUNDLES AGAIN: READ LEGAL ORANGE
The earlier post on trial bundles received several comments. It is clearly a matter of interest, and some controversy. Legal Orange has written a post on Trial Bundles from the point of view of a litigator. LEGAL ORANGE The post…
JUDICIAL GUIDANCE ON THE USE OF VIDEO CONFERENCING AT TRIAL: READ THE RULES!
Video conferencing is a useful took and can save costs enormously. Particularly if it prevents a witness from having to travel from abroad. In Haider -v- Syed[2013] EWHC 4079 (Ch) Barling J expressed concern that the appropriate procedure was not…
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS THAT COMPLY WITH THE RULES: A CHECKLIST TOO IMPORTANT TO IGNORE
The earlier post on witness statements had a large number of hits. That post set out the basic techniques when drafting witness statements. However it just as important is that you ensure that the statements you draft comply with the…
MORE ON LEGAL WRITING: STRAIGHT FROM THE BENCH
The earlier post on written advocacy has led me to a blog written by an American Judge. The blog “Hercules and the Empire” is written by Federal Judge Richard Kopf and has proven to be popular in America (425,000 page…
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS AND THE GENIUS OF JOHN MUNKMAN
The skill and effort involved in drafting a proper and appropriate witness statement are often overlooked. Mistakes are often made. Witness statements are either to cursory and brief; too opinionated and argumentative or over-elaborate and lacking credibility. Curiously enough most…
WHAT CAN A DEFENDANT ARGUE ABOUT DAMAGES IF THE CLAIMANT HAS JUDGMENT OR THE DEFENCE HAS BEEN STRUCK OUT?
One important aspect of the new rules about relief from sanctions is that they apply to defendants as well. A defendant who is late in adducing evidence can be debarred from calling evidence as in the Durrant case. Here we…
CAN THE COURT CUT DOWN THE NUMBER OF WITNESS STATEMENTS? MACLENNAN –v- MORGAN SINDALL CONSIDERED.
One little noticed part of the Jackson reforms was the introduction of a new to CPR 32.2 (3) which gives the court express powers to identify or limit the number of witnesses a party may call. That power has now…
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS AND THE LAWYER AS WITNESS
There have been several posts about drafting witness statements on this blog. Here I am referring readers to comments made by Richard Moorhead in his blog “Lawyer Watch”. The first refers to a case where the solicitor for a party…
TRIAL BUNDLES: TIMING, CONTENTS AND PRESENTATION : AND DO YOU KNOW SEDLEY’S LAWS?
Amidst the Mitchell Mayhem and the high glamour and glitz of Civil Litigation at the moment I am writing a post on the mundane subject of trial bundles. Mundane but important. The significance of bundles was highlighted in the recent…
SURVIVING MITCHELL A PRACTITIONER’S GUIDE 2: ASSUME EVERY ORDER OF THE COURT IS A PEREMPTORY ORDER.
Some of the cases on sanctions reported this week have been highly disturbing; with cases being struck out on the morning of the trial because the bundles were not lodged three days earlier. As a result the only safe assumption…
POST MITCHELL MAYHEM 2: A CASE WHERE RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS WAS GRANTED
Litigation Futures carries a report of a High Court case where relief from sanctions was granted. The link is at http://www.litigationfutures.com/news/exclusive-high-court-grants-first-post-mitchell-relief-sanctions Details will be added to the Mitchell Case Watch later today…. Enjoying this post? Become a Civil Litigation Brief member…
PRE-ACTION DISCLOSURE: THE APPROPRIATE TEST CONSIDERED BY THE COURT OF APPEAL
In Smith –v- Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change [2013] EWCA Civ 1585 the Court of Appeal stress that applications for pre-action disclosure should not become “mini trials” and set out the appropriate test for the courts to consider….
DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS: ESSENTIAL GUIDANCE FROM AN AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE THAT EVERY LITIGATOR SHOULD READ
The dangers of drafting argumentative and adversarial witness statements have been discussed several times on this blog. A working example of the dangers of this, together with commentary on the results, can be found in the statement of Peter Smith…
WITNESS STATEMENTS & COMPLYING WITH THE RULES 2: THE GROUNDS FOR THE WITNESSES’ KNOWLEDGE OR BELIEF
The previous post at http://civillitigationbrief.wordpress.com/2013/11/04/the-importance-of-drafting-witness-statements-that-comply-with-the-rules/ discussed a case where the problems about the witnesses giving information as to source of belief and hearsay evidence. The problems were avoi… Enjoying this post? Become a Civil Litigation Brief member to read…
STRIKING OUT FOR ABUSE OF PROCESS: THE NEED TO ADVISE CLIENTS TO PRESERVE EVIDENCE
An action can be struck out if a party fails to preserve evidence. Matthews –v- Collins is a fatal case where evidence was destroyed by the coroner . The defendant applied to strike out the action as an abuse of…
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