CIVIL PROCEDURE BACK TO BASICS 32: BEWARE YE, BEWARE YE, BEWARE YE THE HUMBLE WITNESS SUMMARY: IT COULD BITE BACK – WITH VENGEANCE
The earlier post on the judgment of HHJ Hampton in Smith -v- Ashwell Maintenance Limited(Leicester County Court 21/01/2019) highlighted how dangerous it is for a party to serve a witness summary. Here we look at the rules relating to witness summaries, the…
EXAGGERATION IS NOT NECESSARILY FUNDAMENTAL DISHONESTY: WHEN THE DEFENDANT DIGS A BIG EVIDENTIAL HOLE FOR ITSELF
The judgment of HHJ Hampton in Smith -v- Ashwell Maintenance Limited (Leicester County Court 21/01/2019) is available through a Linked In post provided by barrister Andrew Mckie. It provides a number of lessons for those collecting evidence. In a case where…
DEFENDANTS REFUSED RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS: INADEQUATE EXPLANATIONS WILL NOT SUFFICE
In Consult II SRO & Ors v Shire Warwick Lewis Capital Ltd & Ors [2019] EWHC 286 (Comm) Andrew Henshaw QC (sitting as a High Court Judge) refused the defendants’ application for relief from sanctions. The lack of a candid explanation…
“IF EVER THERE WERE A CASE IN WHICH THE COURT SHOULD REFUSE TO EXERCISE ITS DISCRETION IN FAVOUR OF GIVING THE CLAIMANTS ANY FURTHER INDULGENCE, THIS IS IT”
The judgment in Jetly & Anor v The Secretary of State for the Home Department [2019] EWHC 204 (Admin) sets out a series of surprising events. Mrs Justice Andrews came down very firmly against granting relief from sanctions. Many of the…
PROVING THINGS 141: CREDIBILITY WAS IMPORTANT IN CLAIM FOR DAMAGES AGAINST SOLICITORS: SUPREME COURT RESTORES DECISION OF TRIAL JUDGE
In Perry v Raleys Solicitors [2019] UKSC 5 the Supreme Court restored the decision of the trial judge in relation to damages. One of the key issues was whether the Court of Appeal was correct to overturn the trial judge’s factual…
VIEWING THE WOOD FROM THE TREES: ASSESSING WITNESS CREDIBILITY: A “CUT OUT AND KEEP” GUIDE
The judgment of Teare J in Deripaska and Danilina v Chernukhin case [2019] EWHC 173 (Comm), is (at present) only available via a link on the Serle Court website. It is useful in that a few paragraphs encapsulate the judicial approach to…
RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS GRANTED WHEN WITNESS STATEMENT SERVED LATE: DECISION UPHELD ON APPEAL
In Petrou v Lambrou (t/a KCJ Builders) [2019] EWHC 166 (Comm) Mr Justice Freedman upheld the decision of a circuit judge who granted the defendant relief from sanctions when a witness statement was served late. Interestingly the judge, on appeal, exercised…
LITIGATORS AND THE ART OF PERSUASION: USEFUL GUIDES (1): MUNKMAN ON THE TECHNIQUE OF ADVOCACY
Every litigator is, involved in the art of persuasion. Litigation is fundamentally about the art of persuasion. Persuasion is a litigator’s daily task: in correspondence, on the phone, with opponents. It is wrong to confine the consideration of this essential skill…
WHEN WITNESS STATEMENTS ARE USELESS (AND PROBABLY HARMFUL): A FEW CASES TO ILLUSTRATE A COMMON POINT
For the third (and last) time I am returning to the judgment of HHJ Halliwell in Currie v Thornley & Anor [2019] EWHC. 172 (Ch). This time the judge’s observations in relation to witness statements. Using witness statements to “argue” the case…
HAVING A COPY OF WITNESS STATEMENTS AVAILABLE AT COURT: IT IS IN THE RULES
One other aspect of the decision in Prosser v British Airways Plc [2018] EW Misc B13 is worth noting. There was a rare reference to the requirements of CPR 32.13(1). Copy witness statements must be available at the trial for inspection. …
PROVING THINGS 139: WHEN THE JUDGE HAS TO DECIDE WHETHER ITS ALL BEEN A BIT OF A CRUSH
Most of the cases looked at in this series are decisions in the High Court. However issues of witness credibility and accuracy are a constant issue throughout virtually every layer of court and tribunal. In Prosser v British Airways Plc [2018]…
CIVIL PROCEDURE BACK TO BASICS 28: EXHIBITS TO WITNESS STATEMENTS AND AFFIDAVITS
The “exhibiting” of documents to witness statements and affidavits is common. It is surprising how common it is for the exhibit, and the witness statement, to fail to comply with the rules. Here we look at the rules relating to…
CIVIL PROCEDURE BACK TO BASICS 27: WAIVING LEGAL PROFESSIONAL PRIVILEGE IN A WITNESS STATEMENT
One matter that all litigators must be aware of is that there is a risk of waiving privilege when mentioning legal advice in a witness statement. This can (and does) happen even when the statement states, expressly, that the maker…
ASSESSING WITNESS CREDIBILITY: EX-FOOTBALL CLUB DIRECTORS’ EVIDENCE: ITS ALL A LOAD OF COBBLERS
This blog has looked at issues of witness credibility many times. There is a useful summary in the judgment of HHJ Simon Barker QC in Northampton Borough Council v Cardoza & Ors [2019] EWHC 26 (Ch) contains a review of the…
PROVING THINGS 138 : A WHOPPER OF AN OMISSION: McDONALD’S FAILS TO PROVE TRADEMARK RIGHTS TO “BIG MAC”: ADEQUATE EVIDENCE WAS NOT ON THE MENU
I am grateful to Yisroel for pointing out the decision of the European Union Intellectual Property Office in the “Big Mac” case. It is not my usual reading. However Yisroel points out that McDonald’s failed because of a basic failure…
PROVING THINGS 137: PROVING A DEFENCE TO A COUNTERCLAIM: NO EVIDENCE TO PROVE MATTERS – THEN JUDGMENT IS GOING TO BE ENTERED AGAINST YOU
The judgment in UK Dry Risers Ltd v Maher [2019] EWHC 44 (QB) shows the importance of being able to prove a defence to a counterclaim. The claimant succeeded on a claim for £3,690.72, the defendant obtained a judgment for £13,628.00. …
THE BUSINESS AND PROPERTY COURTS: GUIDANCE FOR THOSE WHO GO LIVE AT LEEDS
HHJ Malcolm Davis-White QC has sent out guidance for the County Court at Leeds Property and Business Work. Solicitors and advocates may want to note the strictures in relation the filing of bundles and skeleton arguments in particular. Note it…
WITNESS STATEMENTS AND TRANSLATION: WHY YOU CAN’T RELY ON PD 22 IN RELATION TO WITNESS STATEMENTS
This is the third post on this subject in one day. Someone responded to the first post on the need to for witness statements to be in the language of the witness by asserting that Practice Direction 22 could be…
WHEN A WITNESS CANNOT SPEAK ENGLISH: INTERPRETING THE RULES: GUIDANCE FROM THE CASES
If a witness cannot speak English and a witness statement is required what needs to be done? There are several cases where the issue of translation has caused a problem at trial. The best guidance comes from the Family Division….
ADVERSE INFERENCES DRAWN WHEN SOLICITOR DID NOT GIVE EVIDENCE: IF YOU’VE HAD £22 MILLION YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN IT
In The Lord Chancellor v Blavo & Co Solictors Ltd & Anor [2018] EWHC 3556 (QB) Mr Justice Pepperall found it was appropriate to draw adverse inferences when key participants did not give evidence. It is another example of the principles…
“MY SOLICITOR WROTE THAT STATEMENT”: A FAMILIAR TALE: HAVING A PLAN TO PROTECT YOURSELF
The previous post dealt with a case where the claimant’s witness statement was found to be “largely fictional”. This coincided with a number of posts on Twitter with various lawyers and judges (duly anonymous) commented on the situations in which…
THE WITNESS WHOSE STATEMENT WAS “SOMEWHAT FICTIONAL”: EXCELLENT EXPERTS WHO ROSE ABOVE THE FRAY
There are several aspects of the judgment in JAH v Burne & Ors [2018] EWHC 3461 (QB) that are of interest to civil litigators. Firstly it is another example of a case where the claimant’s witness statement was not accepted (at…
PROVING THINGS 135: WHAT A DIFFERENCE CROSS-EXAMINATION CAN MAKE
There has been much controversy recently about the need for cross-examination when allegations are made. I have no intention of entering that controversy, however those who want to be fully informed on these matters should read the judgment of Mr…
CROSS-EXAMINATION: THE DUTY TO PUT A CASE: A GEM OF A DECISION
In W Nagel (A Firm) v Pluczenik Diamond Company NV [2018] EWCA Civ 2640 the Court of Appeal made an important observation about the duty of a cross-examiner to put their client’s case to an opposing witness. This provides an opportunity…
GOOD IDEAS FROM WESTERN AUSTRALIA: WITNESS STATEMENTS, COMMUNICATIONS AND CONFINING THE ISSUES IN DISPUTE IN CIVIL LITIGATION
A while back I wrote a post pointing out guidance on drafting witness statements given by the Western Australian Bar Association. I am grateful to Australian barrister David Laws for pointing out the new site where this guidance can be…
A HAPPY READER WRITES: WHEN BLOG POSTS ARE READ A ZILLION TIMES…
a As a blogger feedback comes in many forms. Yesterday I had an email from a litigant in person. The method described may well become more prevalent. THE EMAIL “Mr Exall, I wrote to you this time last year with…
LINKS TO GUIDANCE ON DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENT: INTERACTIVE BLOGGING
Yesterday I was speaking on the APIL Fatal Accidents course. One of the points I was making was the importance of reading the rules and and guidance in relation to the drafting of witness statements. The delegates asked for links…
SURVEY ON WITNESS STATEMENTS: WORKING PARTY SURVEY: A REMINDER OF PAST COMMENTS … SOME CHESTNUTS HERE
The Witness Evidence Working Group is carrying out a survey of the use of witness statements in the Business & Property Courts. Here I provide a link to the post and a reminder of the comments that some judges have…
APPLYING FOR RELIEF FROM SANCTIONS: 14 KEY POINTS TO HELP EASE THE STRAIN
There was a nice tweet earlier today from pupil barrister Miranda Grell explaining she had just appeared in her first relief from sanctions application and had found this blog useful. This reminded me that it may be a good time…
YOU’RE FIRED: A LITIGATOR ON THE APPRENTICE 8: “THE BIGGEST ATTEMPT AT ROBBERY SINCE HATTON GARDEN”: DID OUR LAWYER GET THEIR HANDS DIRTY?
We have one surviving lawyer – Sarah Ann. This week she switched teams – to “Collaborative” and turned her hand to garden design, even getting her hands dirty in the process. Her team won. This series continues for another week….
PROVING THINGS 133: FALLING OFF A BED AND THE PIECES OF THE JIGSAW
The case of Busby v Berkshire Bed Company Ltd [2018] EWHC 2976 (QB) was one of those cases that centred on credible evidence. It is an example of where witnesses can be totally honest but mistaken in their recollection. The judge…
THE DANGERS OF BEING “BULLISH” ON PROCEDURAL ISSUES: APPLICATION DISMISSED (AND IT TOOK TOO LONG)
In Red Bull GmbH v Big Horn UK Ltd & Ors [2018] EWHC 2794 (Ch) Master Clark completed the judgment”I conclude by noting the regrettable extent to which this judgment has been lengthened by the determination of the procedural points of…
PROVING THINGS 132: BUNDLES, BURDENS OF PROOF AND GO-KARTS: CLAIMANT MANAGES TO CROSS THE WINNING LINE ON APPEAL
The judgment in Cowley Property Investment Ltd v Oxford Karting Ltd [2018] EWHC 2824 (Ch) contains a consideration of the rule that documents in an agreed trial bundle are admissible. It is a case all about proving things without calling evidence….
WHEN WITNESSES DIDN’T KNOW WHAT THEY WERE SAYING: WHY THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND BELIEF IS IMPORTANT
There is a short passage in the judgment in GPP Big Field LLP & Anor v Solar EPC Solutions SL [2018] EWHC 2866 (Comm) that shows (not for the first time this year) that those responsible for drafting witness statements often…
RESPONDENTS ALLOWED TO COMMENT AT HEARING : NEVERTHELESS SURVIVES A COSTS ORDER ON APPEAL
In Bhogal & Anor v Knight [2018] EWHC 2952 (Ch) the appellants failed in their appeal following an order that the respondent pay the costs of their initial application. The procedure described in the judgment is instructive. It was yet another…
REVEALING THE TRUE IDENTITY OF A WITNESS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS: APPLICATION FOR ANONYMITY SCUTTLED
In the judgment today in Suez Fortune Investments Ltd & Anor v Talbot Underwriting Ltd & Ors [2018] EWHC 2929 (Comm) Mr Justice Teare allowed an application by the defendants that the true identity of a witness be disclosed. The witness…
EXTENSIVE WITNESS EVIDENCE THAT WAS OF NO USE: A COMMON FINDING
We have already looked at the judgment of Mrs Justice Cockerill in Recovery Partners GP Ltd & Anor v Rukhadze & Ors [2018] EWHC 2918 (Comm). It is worth looking at what the judge had to say about the witness evidence before…
THE STATEMENT OF TRUTH: WHY YOU AND YOUR CLIENTS NEED REGULAR REMINDERS OF THE RULES & CASES
In Recovery Partners GP Ltd & Anor v Rukhadze & Ors [2018] EWHC 2918 (Comm) Mrs Justice Cockerill made some important observations that apply to every aspect of litigation. We looked at the case yesterday: a stark reminder was provided of the dangers…
THE STATEMENT OF TRUTH: THE COURTS SAY IT AGAIN – NOT TO BE TAKEN LIGHTLY
In Recovery Partners GP Ltd & Anor v Rukhadze & Ors [2018] EWHC 2918 (Comm) Mrs Justice Cockerill provides a clear and stark reminder of the significance of the statement of truth and need for all relevant parties to sign it….
WITNESS STATEMENTS AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND BELIEF: 10 KEY POINTS THAT LITIGATORS SHOULD KNOW: A JUDGE MAKE GET A BIT IRKED IF YOU TRY TO USURP THEIR ROLE
The post earlier today on the deficiencies in a witness statement that led to it being excluded provides a good opportunity to reprise certain key points. Not only was the excluded statement essentially “commentary” and “opinion” it also failed to…
WITNESS STATEMENT EXCLUDED BECAUSE IT WAS OF NO USE: THE DANGERS OF NOT KNOWING THE RULES RELATING TO WITNESS EVIDENCE
I have noted, many times, on this blog the dangerous tendency of some practitioners to conflate witness statements with submissions. Witness statements express opinions, comments on documents and the law and do not give the source of information and belief. …
TRYING TO SNEAK EXPERT EVIDENCE INTO A WITNESS STATEMENT: PEOPLE MIGHT NOTICE: DEFENDANT’S ATTEMPT TO EXHIBIT EXPERTS STRUCK OUT
There have been numerous cases in which parties have attempted to give expert evidence in witness statements. Another example can be seen in the decision in New Media Distribution Company Sezc Ltd v Kagalovsky [2018] EWHC 2742 (Ch). An attempt to…
WITNESS STATEMENTS AND WITNESS EVIDENCE: DO YOU KNOW ABOUT CPR 32.5(4): “LATE EVIDENCE” SHOULD BE HARD TO ADDUCE
In the judgment today in The Catholic Child Welfare Society (Diocese of Middlesbrough) & Ors v CD [2018] EWCA Civ 2342 the Court of Appeal allowed an appeal against a claimant being successful in a Section 33 application. There is an…
NEW WITNESS STATEMENTS AND EXPERT EVIDENCE NOT ALLOWED: DENTON APPLIED TO CASE MANAGEMENT: COMPLIANCE WITH DIRECTIONS IS THE ONLY SAFE OPTION
In SJ Moore (Jeweller) Limited -v- Squibb Group Limited [2018] EWHC 2731 (QB) Denton principles were considered and applied when the defendant wanted to adduce new evidence. What is notable here is the fact that the defendant had the expert…
MARMITE: SKELETON ARGUMENTS: “SO CALLED”: ATTEMPTS TO APPEAL THE FACTS: A SPREAD OF ISSUES CONSIDERED
In Solicitors Regulation Authority v Day & Ors [2018] EWHC 2726 the Divisional Court rejected the SRA’s appeal against a decision of the Solicitors’ Disciplinary Tribunal. There are some interesting comments about the number of documents and the length of skeleton’s…
AGGRESSIVE LITIGATION IS COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE: JUDGE REFUSES DEFENDANT’S APPLICATION TO STRIKE OUT WITNESS STATEMENTS (WITH A COMMENT, OR TWO, AMONG THE WAY)
I am grateful to barrister Adam Heppinstall for sending me a copy of the judgment of Mr Justice Fraser today in Bates -v- The Post Office [2018] EWHC 2968 (QB). This is a forceful judgment and what the judge had…
USING A SKELETON ARGUMENT TO TRY TO FILL GAPS IN THE EVIDENCE THIS IS NOT GOING TO END WELL…
The judgment today in M&P Enterprises (London) Ltd v Norfolk Square (Northern Section) Ltd [2018] EWHC 2665 (Ch) makes interesting reading. The appeal concerned criticisms of the conduct of a trial by a circuit judge. The main difficulty was that the…
WHEN WITNESSES DID NOT ATTEND TRIAL 3: ADVERSE INFERENCES ARE DRAWN IN A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE
There are three cases today about the implications of witnesses not attending trial. This was an issue in Asante v Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust [2018] EWHC 2570 (QB). The absence of key witnesses from the defendant led…
WHEN WITNESSES DO NOT ATTEND TRIAL 1: WITNESS EVIDENCE NOT ALLOWED: A BROKEN FINGER IS NOT A GOOD EXCUSE NOT TO ATTEND COURT
This is the first of two posts today in relation to witnesses not attending to be cross-examined. In EC Medica Group UK Ltd & Ors v Dearnley-Davison & Ors [2018] EWHC 1952 (Ch) Kelyn Bacon QC (sitting as a Deputy High…
PROVING THINGS 128: CLAIMANT’S EVIDENCE NOT FULL, CLEAR, FRANK OR UNEQUIVOCAL IN RESPONSE TO APPLICATION FOR SECURITY FOR COSTS
In Danilina v Chernukhin & Ors [2018] EWHC 2503 (Comm) Mr Justice Teare was critical of the quality of the evidence that the respondent adduced in response to an application for security for costs. THE CASE The defendants sought an…
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