PROVING THINGS 213: CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE, WITNESS EVIDENCE AND MEDICAL NOTES
In Sheard -v- Cao Tri Do [2021] EWHC 2166 (QB) HHJ Robinson, sitting as a Judge of the High Court, had to consider competing witness evidence in the context of a medical negligence action. It is an example of the…
DIRECT AND VICARIOUS LIABILITY FOR SELF-EMPLOYED MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS WORKING WITHIN A PRACTICE: CLAIMANT SUCCESSFUL IN HER ARGUMENTS
I am grateful to Heather Owen from the Dental Law Partnership for sending me a copy of the decision of HHJ Harrison in Breakingbury -v- Croad (Cardiff County Court 19th April 2021), a copy of which is available here …
APPEALS, ISSUES OF FACT AND SAILING IN DIFFERENT OCEANS IN THE COURT OF APPEAL: CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE DECISION TODAY
In Hewes v West Hertfordshire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust & Ors [2020] EWCA Civ 1523 the Court of Appeal reiterated the difficulties faced by an appellant attempting to argue that the judge had erred in relation to findings of the…
COSTS ORDERED AGAINST ONE DEFENDANT WHEN CLAIMANT HAD SETTLED AGAINST ANOTHER: A DEFENDANT’S UNSUCCESSFUL APPEAL
In Oberholster v Optical Express Ltd & Anor [2020] EWHC 2635 (QB) Mr Justice Freedman dismissed a defendant’s appeal against a costs order against it. The case deals with the problematic issue of costs if a claimant settles the claim…
COVID-19 Clinical Negligence Protocol 2020
A Protocol has been introduced between SCIL, NHS Resolution and AVMA, which deals with the conduct of personal injury litigation. Details can be found here. SUMMARY The press release has a useful summary “The protocol is wide-ranging, covering: moratoriums…
THE 8TH EDITION OF THE ‘OGDEN TABLES’ AND THEIR PRACTICAL IMPACT: WEBINAR 31st JULY 2020
I am presenting a webinar on the 31st July 2020 dealing with the new Actuarial Tables. THE CONTENT The government’s new ‘Actuarial Tables’ were published on 17th July 2020. The webinar takes us through the significant changes introduced…
THE MULTIPLIERS THEY ARE A CHANGING: 8th EDITION OF THE “OGDEN TABLES”
The 17th July saw the publication of the latest (the 8th) edition of the Government Actuary’s Department “Actuarial Tables” “With explanatory notes for use in Personal Injury and Fatal Accident Cases”. This may be particularly frustrating for those who were…
CLAIMANT NOT ALLOWED TO AMEND CLAIM, OR INTRODUCE NEW EXPERT, WHERE APPLICATION TO ADJOURN BECAUSE OF COVID ALLOWED
In Ludlow -v- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust & BMI Healthcare Ltd [2020] EWHC 1720 (QB) Mr Justice Jay allowed an application for an adjournment on the grounds that a trial could not take place remotely. However, he refused the claimant’s…
DEDUCTIONS FROM DAMAGES AND MITIGATION OF LOSS IN PERSONAL INJURY CASES: WEBINAR 11th AUGUST 2020 (& THEN AVAILABLE ON DEMAND)
On the 11th August 2020 I am presenting a webinar “Deductions from Damages and Mitigation of Loss”. THE WEBINAR This webinar looks at those matters that could reduce the damages a claimant receives in a personal injury case, looking…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE TRIAL HELD REMOTELY: AND IT WORKED WELL…
I have highlighted some cases where remote hearings have had difficulties. In Jones v Ministry of Defence [2020] EWHC 1603 (QB) the judgment indicates that the remote hearing in a clinical negligence case worked well. THE CASE The case was…
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE IN PERSONAL INJURY AND CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE: WEBINAR 7th JULY 2020
On the 7th July 2020 I am presenting a webinar on contributory negligence in personal injury actions and clinical negligence cases. CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE Contributory negligence is a common feature of personal injury litigation and (sometimes) in clinical negligence cases….
INDEMNITY COSTS ORDERED WHERE DEFENDANT ASKED FOR JSM BUT MADE NO OFFER: “A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY”
On the Kings Chambers website there is a report, and transcript, of the decision in EAXB v. University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust: 4-8th November 2019 and 6th January 2020. The report is of a case where the claimant was successful…
APPLICATION FOR PRE-ACTION DISCLOSURE: COURT’S DISCRETION EXERCISED AGAINST THE APPLICANT
In Hussain v Medical Defence Union & Anor [2020] EWHC 157 (QB) Clive Sheldon QC (sitting as a High Court judge) refused an application for pre-action disclosure. This judgment makes it clear that pre-action disclosure is, ultimately, a matter of…
PROVING THINGS 172: SPECULATION BY THE DEFENDANT IS NOT EVIDENCE: A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE
The judgment of Mr Justice Turner in Morrison v Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust [2020] EWHC 91 (QB) is another illustration of a party asserting something but having no evidence to support it. This time it was a defendant whose…
GIVING EVIDENCE OF MATTERS THAT HAPPENED 17 YEARS EARLIER: AN EXAMPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE
This blog has looked at the issues relating to memory and witness evidence many times. Particularly the problems of people giving evidence many years after the event. An example of these difficulties can be seen in the judgment of Mrs…
WITNESS EVIDENCE AND CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE: TO WHAT EXTENT IS “HYPOTHETICAL” EVIDENCE FROM DOCTORS ADMISSIBLE?
The judgment of Mrs Justice Lambert in AB v East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust [2019] EWHC 3542 (QB), provides an important lessons for those who draft witness statements, particularly on behalf of defendants in clinical negligence cases. The question is…
BOOK REVIEW: CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE MADE CLEAR: NIGEL POOLE QC
Nigel Poole QC has a book published this month “Clinical Negligence Made Clear A Guide for Patients and Professionals”. I have had access to the printed and the digital copy, and I’ve had fun… “If you can’t explain it simply, you…
PROVING THINGS 165: CLAIMANT IN CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE PROVES NEGLIGENCE BUT FAILS TO ESTABLISH CAUSATION
In Bell v Bedford Hospital NHS Trust [2019] EWHC 2704 (QB) the claimant established clinical negligence but failed to prove causation. THE CASE The claimant suffered a major stroke that left her with significant permanent disabilities. She claimed that…
AN “EMBARRASSING” EXPERT WHO USED AN EXPLETIVE WHILST GIVING EVIDENCE: GUESS WHERE THIS CASE IS GOING?
The judgment of Mr Justice Martin Spencer in Arksey v Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [2019] EWHC 1276 (QB) is interesting on the subject of causation and medical negligence. However the claimant’s problems came largely from reliance on an…
THE DANGERS OF AN “ENTHUSIASTIC” EXPERT – CASTS DOUBTS ON THEIR RELIABILITY
Most clients are happy to find an expert witness who agrees with their case. Even better, it may be thought, is an eminent expert who feels very strongly about the case. However, as we have seen so often on this…
THE GESTMIN PRINCIPLES IN A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE: JUDGE DOUBTS WHETHER THEY CAN BE DIRECTLY APPLIED IN OTHER CONTEXTS
This blog has looked, many times, at the judicial assessment of evidence, particularly witness evidence. Often this is done by reference to the “Gestmin” criteria. In CXB -v-North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, [2019] EWHC 2053 (QB) HH Judge Gore…
PROVING THINGS 156: MEDICAL EXPERTS, CAUSATION, CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE, ABSENT EVIDENCE
In ZZZ v Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust [2019] EWHC 1642 (QB) Mr Justice Garnham found that there had been a breach of duty by the defendant hospital, but those breaches had no causal relevance. The case is interesting for…
A STRATEGY WHEN SETTLEMENT IS REACHED WITH SOME, BUT NOT ALL, DEFENDANTS
An earlier post dealt with the judgment in McDermott -v- Inhealth Limited (19/07/2018) in relation to costs liability when a claimant settled against some, but not all, defendants in a clinical negligence case. That judgment was sent to me by Thomas Riis-Bristow, Associate…
APPEALING FINDINGS OF FACT: THE WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE IS A CONTEXTUAL EVALUATION FOR THE JUDGE: MEDICAL RECORDS ARE NOT DEFINITIVE
We are looking, for the second time, at the Court of Appeal decision yesterday in Manzi -v- King’s College NHS Foundation Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 1882. That part of the judgment that deals with findings of fact at trial and appeals against…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE, ACCURATE EVIDENCE AND A REMARKABLE CHANGE OF ACCOUNT BY THE CLAIMANT’S WITNESS
The judgment in Britchford v Staffordshire And Stoke-On-Trent Partnership NHS Trust [2018] EWHC 2109 (QB) is another example of a clinical negligence claim that rested on the accuracy of medical evidence. A feature of the case is that the claimant did…
PROVING THINGS 111: CAUSATION IN CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASES WHERE THERE IS A FAILURE TO WARN: BURDEN OF PROOF REMAINS ON THE CLAIMANT
The judgment of the Court of Appeal in Duce v Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 1307 deals with a number of matters. Here I want to look at the question of proving causation in a case where the…
PROVING THINGS 109: WHEN A DEFENDANT IS ABLE TO OBTAIN SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE
NB THIS DECISION WAS OVERTURNED ON APPEAL SEE THE REPORT HERE In Hewes v West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust & Ors [2018] EWHC 1345 (QB) Master Cook allowed a defendant’s application for summary judgment. It is a classic case of a…
EXPERTS: THE JOINT REPORT AND THOSE TROUBLESOME “AGENDAS”
There are several passages in the judgment of Mrs Justice Yip in David John Saunders -v- Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [2018] EWHC 343 (QB) that highlight a common problem with joint reports. That is the problematic “agenda”. A …
FUNDAMENTAL DISHONESTY: INACCURATE STATEMENT OF MEDICAL TREATMENT WAS DISHONEST: NO “SUBSTANTIAL INJUSTICE”
One of the many complex issues that Mrs Justice Cockerill considered in Razumas v Ministry of Justice [2018] EWHC 215 (QB) today was the question of fundamental dishonesty. The claimant gave a misleading account of medical treatment. He was found to…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE AND WITNESS EVIDENCE: INFORMED CONSENT NOT GIVEN: HIGH COURT JUDGMENT TODAY
There are many posts on this blog about how, ultimately, many clinical negligence cases turn on the issue of what was said. Liability often depends on which account of a conversation the trial judge prefers. This can be seen in stark…
PROVING THINGS 80: PROVING A SUBROGATED CLAIM: HEALTH INSURANCE COSTS NOT RECOVERED IN FULL
It is not uncommon for an insurer to seek to add a claim for outlay to a claim. This is particularly the case in relation to health insurers who seek to recover outlay in a claim for damages for personal…
PROVING THINGS 77: AN UNATTRACTIVE ARGUMENT: WHEN A PARTY HAS CAUSED AN ABSENCE OF EVIDENCE IT CANNOT BENEFIT FROM IT
When a party has caused a gap in the evidence it is rarely open to that party to rely on the absence it has caused. This was made clear by Mr Justice Foskett in JMX v Norfolk and Norwich Hospitals NHS…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE: RECOVERABILITY OF PREMIUMS & PROPORTIONALITY: COURT OF APPEAL DECISION TODAY
In Peterborough & Stamford Hospitals NHS Trust v McMenemy & Ors [2017] EWCA Civ 1941 the Court of Appeal considered the position in relation to the payment of insurance premiums in clinical negligence cases. The Court decided that it is appropriate…
THE HIPPOCRATIC OATH AND LEGAL HYPOCRISY: WHAT WE CAN LEARN FROM DOCTORS?
Lawyers, particularly litigators, are infinitely wise. This is because we specialise in hindsight: “Why didn’t you do that?” ; “You should have done that”; “Why wasn’t that written down?” This is particularly acute in clinical negligence cases where one profession…
A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE LAWYERS SURVIVAL GUIDE: MANCHESTER 5th DECEMBER 2017: “SCHADENFREUDE FOR CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE LAWYERS”
Along with Stephen Grime QC I am talking on the afternoon of the 5th December 2017 in Manchester. “A Clinical Negligence Lawyers Survival Guide” looks at avoiding substantive and procedure problems during the course of a clinical negligence action. Included…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE AND INSURANCE COSTS: POLICY OF £10,000 WAS BOTH REASONABLE AND PROPORTIONAL: HIGH COURT DECISION
In Mitchell v Gilling-Smith [2017] EWHC B18 (Costs) Master Leonard held that a £10,000 premium incurred in a clinical negligence case was reasonable and proportional. It also highlights the importance of a paying party bringing actual evidence to court if they…
A MATTER OF EVIDENCE AND A MATTER OF FACT: CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE ACTION WITH “AN OBVIOUS LACUNA IN THE DEFENDANT’S CASE”
Last year I wrote a series of posts about the seminal case of Whitehouse -v- Jordan. The aim was to point out that the essence of the decision was about findings of fact not legal principle. The House of Lords upheld…
EVIDENCE GIVEN WITH THE BENEFIT OF HINDSIGHT: MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE AND CAUSATION
In the judgment today in Diamond -v- Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust [2017] EWHC 1495 (QB) His Honour Judge Freedman (sitting as a High Court Judge) found that a totally honest witness was not correct in her assessment…
CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE: CHANGING WITNESS STATEMENTS, DESTROYED DOCUMENTS AND THE DEFENDANT’S WITNESS WITH NO CREDIBILITY AT ALL
The judgment of Mr Justice Goss in RE -v- Calderdale & Huddersfield Foundation Trust [2017] EWHC 824 (QB) shows some concern about the nature of the evidence adduced by the defendant. Documents had been (inadvertently) destroyed and definitely altered. Witnesses…
THE DANGERS OF RELYING ON EXPERT EVIDENCE: BEWARE YE THE PARTISAN EXPERT: "UNBALANCED AND HIGHLY MISLEADING"
Some types of litigation are heavily reliant upon expert evidence. Clinical negligence cases are often determined by the judge’s assessment of the experts involved. It is disturbing to see the matters raised in judgment today of His Honour Peter Hughes…
REVISITING WHITEHOUSE -v- JORDAN 2: ON THE LAWYERS DRAFTING THE EXPERTS' REPORTS
The first post in this series on the judgments in Whitehouse -v- Jordan in the Court of Appeal and House of Lords looked at the point that, at the appeal stage, the courts were only concerned with whether they could…
RE-VISITING WHITEHOUSE -v- JORDAN 1: THESE APPEALS WERE NOT ABOUT CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE AT ALL: IT’S ALL ABOUT THE FACTS
The decisions of the Court of Appeal and House of Lords in Whitehouse -v- Jordan are often put forward as seminal cases in the law of clinical negligence. However these appeals, in reality, were not about issues relating to clinical…
"SECOND" ACTION FOR CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE NOT STRUCK OUT AS AN ABUSE OF PROCESS
In the judgment today in Wright -v- Barts Health NHS Trust [2016] EWHC 1834 (QB) Mr Justice Edis refused the defendant’s application to strike out the claim or for summary judgment on the grounds that the claimant had settled an…
CONTEMPORARY DOCUMENTS: CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE AND MEDICAL NOTES
The judgment of Mrs Justice McGowan today in FE -v- St George’s Hospitals NHS Trust [2016] EWHC 533 (QB) highlights the importance of contemporary documents. It also shows the dangers of the subsequent alteration of notes. There is no suggestion…
PART 36: THE COSTS CONSEQUENCES OF LATE ACCEPTANCE
The case of ABC -v- Barts Health NHS Trust [2016] EWHC 500 (QB) decided earlier today provides an object lesson on the dangers of Part 36. His Honour Judge McKenna considered whether he should depart from the “usual rules” in…
WITNESSES TRIALS AND ACCURACY OF RECOLLECTION (II)
The previous post dealt with a case where a judge had preferred the evidence of the medical practitioners in a clinical negligence case. As is so often the case a judgment reported on the same day shows a case where…
WITNESSES, TRIALS AND ACCURACY OF RECOLLECTION: ANOTHER EXAMPLE
In XYZ -v- Warrington & Halton NHS Foundation Trust [2016] EWHC 331 (QB) Mr Justice Dove considered a trial where the outcome, as so often, depended on the accuracy of recollection. THE CASE The claimant brought an action in…
PROVING THINGS 6:"THAT'S WHAT I ALWAYS DO" & PROVING CAUSATION
We have looked before at the view that a judge takes of a witness who, honestly, states that they have no recollection of an event but recounts their normal practice. In Long -v- Wester Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust [2016] EWHC…
LATE AMENDMENT ALLOWED: TRIAL DATE MOVED: A CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE CASE
In G -v- Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Appeal [2016] EWHC 104 (QB) Mrs Justice May granted the claimant permission to amend the Particulars of Claim even though this meant moving a 7 day trial listed in early April…
WITNESS EVIDENCE, CLINICAL NEGLIGENCE AND CLINICAL NOTES: A CASE IN POINT
The judgment of Mr Justice Jay in FB -v- Rana & Princes Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust [2015] EWHC 1536 contains another interesting consideration of the value of witness evidence and contemporary records in a clinical negligence case. I was recently…
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